Yang C.-A.STEVEN SHINN-FORNG PENGHsieh W.-S.PO-NIEN TSAOCHIEN-YI CHENHUNG-CHIEH CHOU2020-09-222020-09-2220130256-7040https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/514125Background: Midline cranial defects can be divided into lesions with intracranial tissue herniation (cranium bifidum cysticum) and lesions mainly with ossification failure (cranium bifidum occultum). Herniated cephaloceles mostly require surgical resection, while persisted parietal foramina might become smaller with age. Clinical case: Here, we report a neonate with large symmetric midline skull defect at high parietal area. A mild bulging mass was noticed. Interestingly, unlike sac herniation, it was surrounded by bony ridges extended from the rim of the calvarial defect, which suggests aberrant ossification. Persistent falcine sinus was also detected. At the corrected age of 11 months, the size of the skull defect had decreased spontaneously, favoring the diagnosis of parietal bone ossification defect. Potential mechanisms resulting in the special appearance of skull bone were discussed. Conclusion: Incomplete closing of the parietal foramina might be expected due to the aberrant ridge formation. We suggest protective measures for the calvarial defect. ? 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.[SDGs]SDG3article; bone malformation; case report; cesarean section; clinical feature; computer assisted tomography; cranial suture; disease severity; foramen magnum; human; image reconstruction; infant; male; paranasal sinus disease; parietal midline defect; persistent falcine sinus; priority journal; skull defect; abnormalities; diagnostic imaging; encephalocele; newborn; Ossification, Heterotopic; parietal bone; three dimensional imaging; x-ray computed tomography; Encephalocele; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Infant, Newborn; Male; Ossification, Heterotopic; Parietal Bone; Tomography, X-Ray Computedjournal article10.1007/s00381-013-2096-6235593962-s2.0-84879240093