2015-01-012024-05-13https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/644599摘要：神話之鳥-黑嘴端鳳頭燕鷗為紅皮書中珍貴稀有之瀕危物種，目前僅在台灣馬祖與大陸韭山群島有確定之繁殖族群，且皆與共域之大鳳頭燕鷗同步活動。根據過去的研究結果顯示馬祖地區的黑嘴端鳳頭燕鷗與大鳳頭燕鷗主要面臨的威脅有棲地減少、海洋汙染、獵捕、人為干擾、捕食者、過漁、雜交等。在2011-2014年間發現此兩種燕鷗都有在繁殖季初期棄巢的現象，顯示其繁殖族群與環境仍不穩定。但目前我們對此兩種燕鷗的繁殖族群和度冬族群動態、生殖生態、覓食生態、棲地選擇等僅有初步的了解，也使得相關保育政策與保護區經營管理計畫無以為據而成效有限。因而此計畫將藉由基礎研究，進而應用導向擬訂監測及保育策略，達到生物多樣性維護之目標 。本研究將在馬祖列島燕鷗保護區及大陸韭山自然保護區進行，研究目標如下(1)利用帶有編碼之足旗標誌鳳頭燕鷗，並持續觀察記錄每年於馬祖地區出現帶有足旗之個體資訊，以收集馬祖地區繁殖之鳳頭燕鷗其族群數量、族群結構、棲地忠誠度、生活史等資料; (2)分析馬祖地區鳳頭燕鷗之血液樣本，定序其DNA序列以期後續與來自大陸、澎湖地區之樣本比對，了解其族群分化情形; (3)分析馬祖列島燕鷗保護區內各島嶼的棲地環境以了解燕鷗之棲地偏好情形，調查項目將包含各島礁之地形、地貌、植被、土質與其潛在掠食者-小型哺乳類之族群數量估計; (4)持續在繁殖季前於各島嶼進行植被環境調查，若發現環境不利於燕鷗繁殖利用(如植被高度過高、坡度過陡、植物種類不適宜燕鷗進駐等)，利用小型器具進行小規模之繁殖棲地營造; (5)利用自動影像記錄器或自動聲音記錄器持續監測資訊燕鷗繁殖巢區以掌握保育現況; (6)建構海峽兩岸鳳頭燕鷗族群動向資訊之聯繫網路，增強兩岸燕鷗研究的資訊流通與合作機會; (7)透過前述各項研究資訊，分析馬祖列島燕鷗保護區之保育現況及其威脅壓力，並研擬未來短、中長程之燕鷗保育行動計畫<br> Abstract: Chinese Crested Terns (Thalasseus Bernsteini) are listed as rare and endangered species in the world Red Data Book. Taiwan Matzu and Mainland China Jiushan islands are the two areas confirmed to have their breeding populations. Chinese Crested Terns co-habitat with the Greater Crested Terns (T. bergii) and also migrate and over-winter together. The threats both terns have faced are habitat degradation, ocean pollution, hunting, human disturbance, predation, over-fishing and cross-species hybrid. In 2011-2014 we found both terns abandoned their breeding nests at the beginning of the breeding season, indicating the breeding population and environment are still not very stable in Matzu. However, we only have very limited knowledge on their population dynamics, breeding and feeding ecology and habitat selection, which caused limited effects on planning conservation policy and management strategy. Therefore, this study will be from conducting basic research, furthermore, to applying monitoring and conservation strategies in order to maintain the tern biodiversity. The purposes of the study are (1) monitoring and banding the breeding population for both terns in Matzu; (2) analyzing the relatedness relationship, speciation, sex ratio and genetic diversity of these two tern species (3) investigating the habitat of the tern colony to understand their preference; (4) to manage the habitat environment for the terns before breeding season; (5) using time-lapse cameras and sound meters to monitor terns population; (6) establish cross-trait communication network for research information and cooperation opportunity exchange; (7) combing these research results to understand the threats faced for the terns, and set up and execute the conservation action plan.神話之鳥-黑嘴端鳳頭燕鷗為紅皮書中珍貴稀有之瀕危物種目前僅在台灣馬祖與大陸韭山群島有確定之繁殖族群且皆與共域之大鳳頭燕鷗同步活動。Chinese Crested Terns (Thalasseus Bernsteini) are listed as rare and endangered species in the world Red Data Book. Taiwan Matzu and Mainland China Jiushan islands are the two areas confirmed to have their breeding populations.