2012-02-212024-05-15https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/663051摘要：菸草粉蝨 (Bemisia tabaci) 不僅透過取食為害作物，更可以傳播植物病毒，造成病毒病害流行。以番茄黃化捲葉病為例，造成番茄的經濟損失可能高達 100%。近十年來，研究發現 begomoviruses 的大肆危害與菸草粉蝨族群增加與領域擴張有緊密的關連性，且多為不同 begomoviruses 的複合感染。根據田間調查結果顯示 Tomato leaf curl Taiwan virus 接近 100％ 的高流行率，很快地在數年內被 Tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus 所取代。由於 begomoviruses 一定要菸草粉蝨媒介傳播，我們合理推論此病毒消長的現象與菸草粉蝨之傳播生態有著密切的關係。此外，begomoviruses 對菸草粉蝨生物小種間生態影響的差異，很可能會影響菸草粉蝨生物小種的競爭與 begomoviruses 在田間的流行率。儘管番茄黃化捲葉病極具經濟上的重要性，但是對於病毒與病媒交互作用的知識仍顯不足。缺乏這些基礎知識會阻礙我們防治蟲媒疾病的效率，因為媒介昆蟲為控制這些疾病的最佳目標。本計畫的研究目的有四：1. 利用傳播生物學資料分析來比較 B 型與 Q 型生物小種傳播番茄黃化捲葉病毒之傳毒效率；2. 評估番茄黃化捲葉病毒的感染對 B 型與 Q 型生物小種生活史的影響；3. 比較 B 型與 Q 型生物小種對新尼古丁類藥劑的選擇性；4. 綜合以上資料評估菸草粉蝨生物小種之間的競爭與番茄黃化捲葉病毒的流行病消長。詳細瞭解菸草粉蝨與 begomoviruses 之間的傳播機制與流行病學資訊，將可以協助我們制定新的防治策略，保護番茄等相關作物免於病毒病害的威脅。 <br> Abstract: Bemisia tabaci not only causes feeding damage but also transmits plant viruses to crops. For example, tomato yellow leaf curl disease may cause yield losses of as much as 100% in tomato. Over the decade, studies found the increasing prevalence of begomoviruses is closely related to population increase and spread of their vector, B. tabaci. Most of diseased crops are infected with multiple begomoviruses. According to a field survey in Taiwan, the high prevalence (~100％) of Tomato leaf curl Taiwan virus have been replaced by Tomato yellow leaf curl Thailand virus. Because begomoviruses must be transmitted by whiteflies, we reasonably infer the succession of begomoviruses in the field is closely related to the transmission ecology of B. tabaci. In addition, different ecological impacts of begomoviruses on B. tabaci biotypes may affect the competition of biotypes and the prevalence of begomoviruses in the field. Despite the economic importance of tomato yellow leaf curl disease, little information for the virus-vector interaction is known. Lacking information about virus-vector interactions impairs the efficiency of insect-borne disease control because the insect vector is the best target for controlling the disease. The objectives of proposed research are to: 1. analyze the transmission parameters of begomoviruses by B. tabaci biotypes B and Q and compare their transmission efficiencies; 2. study the impact of begomovirus infection on the life histories of B. tabaci biotypes B and Q; 3. compare the selectivity of B. tabaci biotypes B and Q on neonicotinoid insecticides; 4. evaluate competition between B. tabaci biotypes B and Q and the succession of begomovirus epidemics. Detailed knowledge of transmission mechanism and epidemics between B. tabaci and begomoviruses will help us develop novel strategies to protect crops from begomovirus-incited diseases.煙草粉蝨生活史病媒傳播Bemisia tabacilife historyvector transmission