2017-08-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/682059摘要：隨著人口高齡化及家庭功能弱化，高齡者無法單純仰賴家屬，而必須積極規劃並運用財產，以滿足生活上的需求。使用成年監護、贈與、遺囑等方法分配管理或分配財產者逐漸增加。成年監護須經法院為監護或輔助宣告，贈與及遺囑等方法則將改變法定應繼分，容易引起繼承人之紛爭而進入法院，故成年監護及遺囑等與高齡者財產規劃相關之案件逐漸增加。法院如何判斷是否為監護或輔助宣告、選任何人為輔助人，如何判斷遺囑是否有效，雖法條羅列出一些應審酌的要件，但何者才是影響法官心證最重要的因素，則難以得知。 本研究希望解明法官的法律論理（legal reasoning）過程，使用資訊科技包括文字探勘（text mining）、決策樹（decision tree）及機器學習（machine learning），使編碼自動化，釐清影響裁判之因素，並預測類似案件之結果。本計畫對法院裁判從事實證研究，能釐清法律解釋適用的現狀，有助於學術及實務工作者了解大多數裁判形成過程的重要因素，進而提高裁判之可預測性及法之安定性。此外，在國際期刊中，法實證研究及法律論理的相關文獻近年顯著增加，也逐漸將AI等技術運用於法學研究，不過尚處新興階段，本研究計畫使用的普遍（universal）的研究方法，能有效地突破法學向來被認為是本土化學科的限制，將研究成果帶入國際社會。 <br> Abstract: As population aging and family solidarity weakening, the elders need to manage their estates rather than rely on family members in order to enjoy the life after retirement. More and more elders are actively participating in estate planning or passively protected by adult guardianship. Because the commencement of guardianship must be declared by the court, the court cases increases naturally. In addition, estate planning such as a will or trust changing statutory share may be disadvantageous to some legal heirs. The disputes among legal heirs toward estates grow as a result. Nevertheless, the statutes provide some of the elements should be considered for the judge while determining the guardian and the validity of the will, but which is the most important factor affecting the judge is still not known. This study aims to explore the legal reasoning of judges through information technology, including text mining, decision tree and machine learning, to automate coding and to predict the results of similar cases. By analyzing court decisions empirically, this project can help legal academics and practitioners grasp the most important factors of judge’s decisions, and thus improve the predictability of the cases and legal certainty. Furthermore, the literature on empirical legal studies and legal reasoning has increased significantly in international journals in recent years. AI has also been gradually applied to legal research. These universal approaches used in this research can promote the communication with international scholars and hence bring jurisprudence, which traditionally has been considered to be a local discipline, into the international community.機器學習文字探勘高齡社會法安定性遺囑machine learningtext miningaged societylegal certaintywill