2020-04-012024-05-15https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/662220摘要：大豆與毛豆是台灣近年來重要的作物之一，其中毛豆的外銷產值連年超過20億新台 幣，然而大豆種植初期易受幼苗病害影響，包括種子腐敗、根腐、或是枯萎缺株等 病害。立枯絲核菌是常見的根腐病菌之一，除了幼苗病害的常見病癥外，立枯絲核 菌亦可以透過雨水和氣流傳播而造成大豆成株的立枯病。立枯絲核菌擁有不同的菌 絲融合群(Anastomosis groups, AGs)。在大豆與玉米輪作的美國，AG-2-IIIB是最 常見的AGs菌株，該菌株不但在美國中西部大豆產區最為常見，也對大豆與玉米帶有 致病力。在大豆與水稻輪作的地區，AG-1-IA是最常見的AGs菌株，雖可造成水稻紋 枯病，但並非美國大豆產區的主要病原類型。反觀台灣的種植情況，不論是契作連 作的毛豆，或是與水稻輪作的大豆，立枯絲核菌的AGs族群組成皆不甚清楚。由於不 同AGs菌株展現不同的抗藥性，比如AG-1菌曾被發現帶有對QoI殺菌劑的抗藥突變 ，而大豆抗病性只在針對AG-4菌株被發現過，因此了解台灣大豆田間的立枯絲核菌 組成極為重要。本研究計畫目標收集109年度的罹病大豆與毛豆之立枯絲核菌，以分 子鑑定立枯絲核菌之菌絲融合群；並發展立枯絲核菌接種方法，以評估台灣大豆與 毛豆之種子腐敗與根腐性狀。<br> Abstract: Soybean (grain soybean and vegetable soybean) has become an important crop with recent annual profits over 20 billion NTD in Taiwan. One of the soybean production problems is seedling diseases, and the soilborne fungus Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most destructive pathogen for causing seedling diseases, including seed decay, root rot, pre-emergence and post-emergence dampping off on seedlings. Moreover, Rhizoctonia solani can infect mature soybean and cause Rhizoctonia aerial blight. Different anastomosis groups (AGs) of R. solani have been discovered. For example, AG-2-IIIB is a predominant type for Midwest regions of the United States where soybean is rotated with maize, and AG-2-IIIB can cause severe diseases on both soybean and maize. On the other hand, AG-1- IA is frequently found from rice, and AG-1-IA is pathogenic to both rice and soybean. Unfortunately, current understanding of R. solani AGs is limited in both rice-grain soybean rotation fields and sequecial croppping vegetable soybean fields of Taiwan. Moreover, different AGs have different characteristics. For example, resistance to QoI fungicide has been found in AG-1 isolates, and soybean resistance has been only found against to AG-4. Accordingly, understand the AGs composition in soybean fields of Taiwan will be essential to develop disease management strategies. This proposal aims to collect R. solani from diseased soybeans and characterize the AGs of these R. solani using AG-specific primers. In addition, inoculation methods will be developed for screening seed rot and root rot for soybean varieties in Taiwan.大豆毛豆抗病立枯絲核菌種子腐敗根腐病立枯病SoybeanEdamameDisease resistanceRhizoctonia solaniSeed decayRhizoctonia root rotRhizoctonia aerial blight