Liang D.-C.Chang T.-T.Lin K.-H.Lin D.-T.MENG-YAO LUChen S.-H.Liu H.-C.Lin M.-T.Lee M.-T.Shu S.-G.Chang T.-K.Chen J.-S.Hsiao C.-C.Hung I.-J.Hsieh Y.-L.Chen R.-L.Cheng S.-N.Chang W.-H.Lee C.-H.Lin K.-S.2020-12-162020-12-1620060887-6924https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-33644988994&doi=10.1038%2fsj.leu.2403979&partnerID=40&md5=09874d2bcdc8a52bb90f103fde79ebechttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/526456To improve treatment results for children with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we introduced a novel protocol, Taiwan Pediatric Oncology Group-AML-97A, for AML other than acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), for which modified conventional protocols were used. From January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2002, 141 children younger than 17 years old with de novo AML were enrolled. In total, 117 patients with non-APL AML were treated with induction therapy of idarubicin and cytarabine (Ara-C), postremission therapy with high-dose Ara-C - containing regimens for four monthly courses, and moderate-dose therapy with idarubicin and Ara-C for four monthly courses. The first 19 patients with APL were treated with all-trans retinoic acid, idarubicin and Ara-C, with the remaining five patients receiving all-trans retinoic acid and idarubicin, followed by maintenance therapy for 2 years. Stem cell transplantation was performed in 29 patients in first remission with a similar outcome as chemotherapy alone. The remission rate in the AML-97A study was 90%, the 5-year survival 51±5.3% (s.e.) and the 5-year event-free survival 50±4.8%; for APL, these were 100%, 86±7.0, and 75±9.8%. For the whole group, the 5-year survival was 57±4.7% and the 5-year event-free survival 54±4.4%. The AML-97A regimen was well tolerated. ? 2006 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved.Childhood acute myeloid leukemia; Outcome; Treatment[SDGs]SDG3cotrimoxazole; cytarabine; etoposide; granulocyte colony stimulating factor; idarubicin; methotrexate; mitoxantrone; rasburicase; retinoic acid; acute granulocytic leukemia; adolescent; article; bleeding; cancer regression; cancer survival; cardiotoxicity; child; childhood leukemia; clinical protocol; clinical trial; drug dose regimen; drug megadose; drug tolerability; febrile neutropenia; human; infection; intermethod comparison; meta analysis; outcome assessment; Pneumocystis pneumonia; priority journal; promyelocytic leukemia; sepsis; stem cell transplantation; Taiwan; tumor lysis syndromejournal article10.1038/sj.leu.2403979162810752-s2.0-33644988994