2014-12-012024-05-14https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/659913摘要：台灣地區因事業之廢污水放流系統與農業之灌溉用水系統未完全分離，使得灌溉用水含污染物質，透過河川渠道遭受污染的農地達危害與預警管制系統等級區域約占全國農地2.65%，約1.5萬公頃列入高汙染潛勢範圍。受重金屬汙染農地係因長期累積多重汙染源所致，污染行為人難以追查，使得污染狀態長期以來無法有效改善。鑑於偷排廢水事件含有不定時、延時短、污染濃度高且地點廣泛等特性，故偷排行為難以防範。連續監測成本高昂，違法行為始終未能全面掌控。在政府稽查資源有限的條件下，建立有效監測、成本低廉與分析快速的追蹤汙染源的方法實為當務之急。本研究利用樹脂離子交換為基材做成重金屬監測包(稱之為「樹脂縮時記錄膠囊」)，大量將其投放於監測之區域，一段時間後收回監測包測定所吸附之重金屬，汙染源的分布特性即被有效掌握，輔以環境指紋辨識方法之科學證據，污染行為人無所遁形。其優點是監測成本低廉、效率高與分析快速(桌上型XRF)，加上「樹脂縮時記錄膠囊」紀錄汙染源排放的敏感度(重金屬濃度)與位置(移動性低)遠高於底泥所反應的現況。針對夜間、假日或間歇性等偷排行為，「樹脂縮時記錄膠囊」之研究輔以地理資訊系統之空間相關性分析可以有效掌握追蹤特定汙染行為人，達到以科學證據做為法律求償責任之認定。本研究希冀透過研發「樹脂縮時記錄膠囊」發展為環境指紋辨識方法之一，鎖定廢水違法排放之區域，進一步提供政府相關稽查單位明確目標，期能利用有限稽查資源為土壤環境品質監督做最大化的運用。<br> Abstract: In Taiwan, the polluted irrigation water mixing with discharge flow system for wastewater and irrigation system for agriculture contaminated farm land via channels and irrigation system. According to the EPA program results of “Control and Investigation Program for National Agricultural Land with High Potential of Heavy Metal” in 2010, there were about 2.65 % of agricultural lands (15,000 hectares) in Taiwan reaching hazardous levels that require urgent investigation and remediation. The phenomenon of contaminated farm lands polluted by different and cumulative sources of heavy metals can’t continuously change for the better for a long time because of unlocking polluters. It’s difficult to prevent the pollution emissions illegally due to the characteristics of pollution incidents including random time, instant, high concentrations with heavy metals and wide range of locations. Meanwhile, the illegal pollution emissions can’t always be full control because of the cost of expensive in the water quality continuous and automatic monitoring system (WQMS). This study stressed that an effective monitor, low cost and rapidly analytic surveillance would be an urgent priority to trace the polluted cause under the limited resource examiner for polluted emissions in the government departments. Using the monitoring bags manufactured by ion exchange resin (called as “Resin Lapse Recording Capsule”) were extensively spread in the monitoring areas to take down the evidence of the illegal pollution emissions. The advantages of “Resin Lapse Recording Capsule” were monitoring costly, high efficiency and rapid analysis etc. in the monitoring system. In addition, the recording pollution emissions of “Resin Lapse Recording Capsule” were practically more sensitive and confirmative than theirs sediments. For the pollution emission behavior secretly at night, holidays or intermittent time, “Resin Lapse Recording Capsule” assorting with the spatial correlative analysis in GIS can grasp or lock the specific polluter that might help the victims achieve the compensation in law. Finally, “Resin Lapse Recording Capsule” was carried out to be one of the environmental fingerprint recognitions and also provided the official inspector with specific areas of the pollution emissions illegally under the limited resource examiner for polluted emissions in the government departments.離子交換樹脂重金屬汙染監測Ion Eexchange ResinHeavy MetalPollution Monitoring