2016-01-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/679326摘要：本計畫為「字字珠璣：由腦功能看華語學習」的子計畫之一，將由構式語法 (construction grammar)的角度，看中文四字格成語的分類，並利用功能性核磁共振造影，觀察母語人士和外籍學習者看到一構式和非構式成語時，左腦半球的下額葉 (inferior frontal gyrus)是否會有不同的神經網絡變化。 四字格成語佔中文成語的比例達九成之多(Xu, 2006: 108)，至今深入探究中文四字格成語的文獻仍然有限，從腦神經觀點比較母語人士和外籍學習者處理中文成語的認知研究，更是付之闕如。從語言學的角度來說，成語特殊的四字格規律造就了中文裡的音樂性韻律、結構上的平衡與對稱，以及語意上的精練，但真正由此特性出發的理論研究，卻無法突顯中文四字成語的特殊性。 有鑒於此，本計畫第一年將在構式語法的觀點下，梳理出現代漢語四字格成語的特定規律和構式，並透過兩份針對母語人士的大規模問卷調查，一方面驗證中文構式成語的規則和限制，一方面將300個常見的中文成語，依照語意透明度，進行分類。第二年我們將執行fMRI實驗，尋找30位大學程度的中文母語人士，和30位高級華語學習者，實際檢驗母語人士和外籍學習者理解成語的神經網絡變化。 <br> Abstract: One of the design features of Chinese idioms is the four-character form. According to the statistics given in Xu (2006: 108), up to 95.57% entries in Dictionary of Chinese Idioms (1987) are four characters. The uniformity in form regulates to a large extent some other linguistic characteristics of Chinese idioms, specifically syntactic, phonological and semantic distribution. Concise in surface form, the multidimensional nature of Chinese idioms is yet a tough nut to crack. Theoretical studies capable of highlighting the particularity of Chinese four-character idioms are scarce, and little is known about the neural mechanism of Chinese idiom processing. Adopting the framework of Construction Grammar, in this project we aim to uncover the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic regularities underlying Chinese idioms. Meanwhile, through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology, this project is expected to deepen our understanding of the linguistic phenomenon of idiomaticity. The first year of the project will focus on the classification of Chinese four-character idioms. Through two large-scale questionnaires, we will, on the one hand, verify the linguistic regularities and constraints of Chinese idioms. On the other hand, we will develop a scale of semantic transparency for 300 Chinese idioms. The second year of the project will be devoted to the execution of a fMRI experiment. 30 native speakers and 30 non native speakers will be recruited to identify the different neural regions involved in Chinese idiom processing. We will try to demonstrate that idiom construction influences the processing of Chinese idioms and serves as a feasible criterion for Chinese idioms classification.功能性核磁共振造影四字格成語語言與認知構式語法fMRIChinese idiomslanguage and cognitionConstruction Grammar