SZU-MIN HSIEHSHEY-YING CHENSheu G.-C.Hung M.-N.Chou W.-H.SHAN-CHWEN CHANGHsu K.-H.2020-03-242020-03-2420060264-410Xhttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/478744The potential to increase the supply of vaccine by diluting the vaccinia virus of Lister strain to face possible bioterrorism with smallpox was evaluated. Vaccinia-na?ve subjects (n = 97) were randomized to receive either undiluted or diluted (1:5, 1:10) vaccine, and previously vaccinated subjects (n = 122) were randomized to receive either undiluted or diluted (1:10, 1:30) vaccine. Except two subjects who received 1:30 diluted vaccine, the vaccination of all subjects was successful clinically. All subjects had significant vaccinia-specific T cell and antibody responses. The diluted vaccine was not associated with decreased local or systemic reactions, lower T cell responses, or higher antibody titers when compared with undiluted vaccine. Here we show the diluted vaccine of Lister strain can be used in vaccinia-na?ve subjects and previously vaccinated subjects if viral titer ?108 and 107.5 pfu/mL after dilution, respectively. The reactogenicity of vaccinia virus may not be a dose-dependent response. ? 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.[SDGs]SDG3antibody; smallpox vaccine; vaccinia vaccine; adult; aged; antibody response; antibody titer; article; cellular immunity; clinical trial; controlled clinical trial; controlled study; dilution; dose response; drug efficacy; drug fever; drug induced headache; fatigue; female; human; immune response; lymphadenopathy; male; myalgia; normal human; priority journal; randomized controlled trial; single blind procedure; smallpox; T lymphocyte; Vaccinia virus; virus strain; Adult; Antibodies, Viral; Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neutralization Tests; Single-Blind Method; Smallpox Vaccine; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; Vaccination; Vaccinia virus; Variola virusjournal article10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.07.082161393952-s2.0-29244490584