2010-08-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/687901摘要：台灣位於太平洋的西岸，每年夏秋兩季颱風豪雨的侵襲是不可避免的， 伴隨而來的，往往是山崩和土石流災害，加上近年來台灣山坡地遭濫墾濫伐 及氣候的快速變遷，颱風所誘發的山崩和土石流較以往更為廣泛而嚴重； 2009 年8 月8-11 日莫拉克颱風夾帶驚人雨勢肆虐台灣中南部地區，暴雨如 同瀑布從天而降，單日累積雨量超過1,000 mm，總累積雨量超過2,000 mm。 8 月9 日清晨，小林村東北側的獻肚山突然崩塌，崩塌面積超過70 公頃，土 方量超過1 千萬立方公尺，小林村遭巨大的崩塌物掩埋，估計有超過400 人 被土石掩埋，巨大的土石並於旗山溪形成堰塞湖，據推測其堰塞湖潰堤後， 小林村靠河岸的房舍也可能隨著洪水沖刷而去。 離散元素法的塊體可以在模擬的過程中產生破裂、鍵結等行為，故利用 離散元素法可以呈現出可能的滑動、滾動、跳動、流動等機制；由於二維的 模擬顯示不能側向的變化，和真實的堆積現象無法完全契合；三維的模擬則 是可以表示塊體於側向的堆積變化情形，不但能表現顆粒的前後的碰撞，並 且對側向擴散的變化有非常好的表現，因此本計劃擬三維的離散元素法對 2009 年莫拉克颱風造成的小林村山崩做完整的模擬，並提出大型山崩機制及 運動演育過程與堆積模式。<br> Abstract: Taiwan is located at the west side of the Pacific Ocean, the heavy rainfall from typhoons in summer and autumn yearly is attributed to the major causes for landslides and debris flow. In addition, the extreme of climate condition due to global climate change and anthropogenic activities and tectonic process in mountainous area intensify the hazard of landslides. The 1,000 mm rainfall in one day and over 2,000 mm in three days from August 8 to 11 due to the Morakot Typhoon damaged south area of Taiwan. In the morning of August 8, a landslide in Shamdusan which is located at the north-east side of Hsiaolin village was triggered by the torrent of rain. The volume of landslide debris is over 10×106 m3 and the landslide area is about 700,000 m2. The landslide debris formed a nature dam for a short time and the dam destroyed by the torrent of water, thus the houses of Hsiaolin village were swept away. The discrete element model can present the behavior of cracks, the breakage of bonding during landslide simulation, thus it can demonstrate the influence of sliding, bouncing, rolling and flowing the landslide material. From the viewpoint of the assessment of catastrophic landslides, the 3-D discrete element modeling together with the analysis of sensibility of landslide potential is an important tool to elucidate the mechanics and kinematics of landslide process and to assess impact area induced by gigantic landslide events.山崩土石流離素元素法山崩運動山崩機制landslide hazarddebris flowdiscrete element methodmechanics大型山崩之發生、機制與地形演育-台灣大型山崩之數值模擬-以2009年小林村山崩為例