Lu C.-H.Hwang W.-J.2019-05-132019-05-13199900214922https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/407489https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0033308926&doi=10.1143%2fjjap.38.5478&partnerID=40&md5=32e692862028e5191b4b68fd7a9c3474Lead nickel niobatc (Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3) has been prepared by a newly developed hydrothermal process. During the hydrothermal reaction at 250¢XC, a pyrochlore phase is formed. After calcining the 250¢XC-hydrothermally derived precursors at 750¢XC, a monophasic Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3 compound is successfully produced. Increasing the hydrothermal temperature significantly facilitates the formation of the perovskite phase. In comparison with the solid-state reaction, the hydrothermal process not only reduces the temperature for synthesizing Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3, but also decreases its particle size to the submicron range. The dielectric properties of Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3 strongly depend on the electric field frequency. Increasing the field frequency results in an increase in the apparent Curie temperature, which is associated with a decrease in the maximum dielectric permittivity. The critical exponent and diffuseness calculated by a modified permittivity-temperature equation verify the relaxor characteristics of Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3. ? 1999 Publication Board, Japanese Journal of Applied Physics.CeramicsFerroelectricHydrothermalLead nickel niobateSynthesisCeramics; Ferroelectric; Hydrothermal; Lead nickel niobate; SynthesisCalcination; Ceramic materials; Computational methods; Electric field effects; Ferroelectric materials; Mathematical models; Permittivity; Perovskite; Synthesis (chemical); Curie temperature; Hydrothermal synthesis; Lead nickel niobate; Lead compoundsjournal article10.1143/jjap.38.54782-s2.0-0033308926https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0033308926&partnerID=40&md5=da1d8da4c47d042a0b26f424d5b6af15