Li-Han ChenChia-Chung HouMei-Ling ChangChing-Hung ChanHung-Wei TangHui-Yu Huang2021-05-212021-05-212018https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/561627Taiwanese green propolis ethanol extract (TGPE) is produced only in Taiwan and has a different composition from other types of propolis. TGPE is known for its anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and anti-microbial properties, but the effects and mechanisms of TGPE in the modulation of diabetes are unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of TGPE on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a streptozotocin/high-fat-diet (STZ/HFD)-induced T2DM rat model. The results revealed that TGPE delayed the development and progression of T2DM and reduced the severity of β-cell failure. TGPE also attenuated inflammation and reactive oxygen species ROS in the rats. Moreover, there were higher levels of oxidant cytokines, leptin, and adiponectin in the serum of the TGPE-treated group. Unlike Brazilian propolis, TGPE promoted hepatic genes PPAR-α and CYP7A1, which were related to lipid catabolism and removal. TGPE may thus delay the progression of T2DM through anti-inflammation effects, anti-oxidation effects, and balancing lipid metabolism. It is suggested that TGPE can be a potential alternative medicine for T2DM. ? 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Anti-inflammation; Anti-oxidation; CYP7A1; PPAR-α; Taiwanese green propolis extract; Type 2 diabetes mellitus[SDGs]SDG3adiponectin; leptin; propolis; streptozocin; alcohol; antidiabetic agent; insulin; propolis; animal cell; animal model; Article; chemical composition; controlled study; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; food intake; high performance liquid chromatography; inflammation; insulin sensitivity; lipid diet; lipolysis; male; mRNA expression assay; non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; nonhuman; optical density; oral glucose tolerance test; oxidative stress; rat; real time polymerase chain reaction; streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus; Taiwanese; animal; blood; body weight gain; chemically induced; chemistry; drinking; experimental diabetes mellitus; glucose blood level; glucose tolerance test; insulin resistance; non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; Sprague Dawley rat; Animals; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, High-Fat; Drinking; Ethanol; Glucose Tolerance Test; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Male; Propolis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Weight Gainjournal article10.3390/nu10040503