2013-08-022024-05-15https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/665347摘要：二氧化碳濃度不斷上升，造成全球暖化與氣候變遷日趨嚴重，需要更積極進行『碳轉化與再利用』。本研究計畫是微藻固碳、光催化與電漿技術轉化二氧化碳為能源燃料或化工原料技術之研究，以及跨領域的合作將微電漿、光催化與微生物基因體工程技術結合於一個系統之下，同時提升二氧化碳轉化效率與再利用之多樣性(如:高碳數再生能源(酒精、丁醇)、化工原料(PLA、PHA)與(抗體)合成蛋白等)。計畫內容除技術研發外，也進行國內外相關技術的蒐集與比較，並探討此技術對國內減碳的影響，同時評估放大規模之經濟效益。微藻固碳與製造生質能源的潛能日受重視，陽明大學張傳雄教授團隊在國家型能源計畫表現亮眼，利用電腦輔助全基因體分析設計與全基因體工程改造微藻，使基改微藻超過野生型2 倍的固碳與生質能生產效率。本計畫欲利用此技術平台設計並改造微藻，使基改微藻製造生質能源（酒精與丁醇）以及生物可分解塑膠材料（PHA 或乳酸）最佳化，預期達到國際水準的五倍以上。微電漿在生醫、材料、能源上的應用越來越多元化，眾多研究團隊積極投入微電漿轉化二氧化碳的技術開發。台灣大學徐振哲教授在電漿領域有多年的經驗，並於常壓電漿檢測與材料製成上有許多專精的技術。本計畫欲藉此技術，設計與開發包含介電質放電式、噴流式與中空陰極式等多種微電漿系統，建立最佳化的二氧化碳降解與轉化製程，並與光觸媒光反應器結合，有效提昇二氧化碳之轉化效率。光催化利用太陽能分解水產氫與光觸媒氫化二氧化碳轉化為能源燃料的潛能大為看好，台灣大學吳紀聖教授擁有光催化反應器多項技術與專利，也擔任許多科技企業顧問、國際重要學術學會理監事與國際知名學術期刊編輯，並獲得許多跨界合作創新傑出獎。此計畫欲利用吳教授團隊所開法的獨特雙胞反應器，進行光催化水分解產氫與氫化CO2 還原成單碳分子化合物，預期與微電漿技術結合後，會開發出更高效率CO2 轉化系統。除此之外，三個研究團隊更共同開發二氧化碳轉化與再利用的新興技術。基改大腸桿菌常(E.coli)應用在生技產業上，具有高效率的產能與多樣性的應用。本計畫結合跨領域的技術，先將二氧化碳利用微電漿技術與光催化技術將二氧化碳轉換成微生物的單碳營養源，再利用基改大腸桿菌將其轉化成高碳能源燃料(酒精、丁醇)或高價值產物(抗體合成蛋白)，以提高二氧化碳再利用轉化為能源燃料的效率與多樣性。二氧化碳轉化與再利用是勢在必行的目標，本計畫不僅在生物法（微藻）與物理化學法（光催化與電漿技術）三個方向進行技術研發，更進行跨領域合作將微電漿、光催化與E.coli 基因體工程結合於一太陽能光反應器，在學術上具新穎性與獨特性。此外，此人工模擬的光合作用太陽能光反應器將會與生物(微藻)大自然光合作用進行CO2 轉化效率的比較，可做為經濟效益與減碳應用的評估。<br> Abstract: Global warming and climate change caused by the rising CO2 concentration are increasingly serious. CO2 conversion and re-utilization urgently need to be worked on. This proposal focuses on the research of CO2 conversion to fuels and chemical materials through the combinatorial technologies of microalgae, photocatalyst and plasma. Moreover, a system of the efficient CO2 conversion combined with microplasma, photocatalyst and genetically engineered microbes will be developed, in which valuable products such as high-carbon fuels(i.e., alcohol, butanol), biodegradable materials (i.e., PLA, PHA) and the recombinantproteins (i.e., synthetic antibodies) can be produced. In addition to the development of technologies, the related domestic and international literatures will be collected and compared. Furthermore, the effectiveness and contributions in CO2 reduction in Taiwan as well as economic benefit in large-scale applications will be addressed. Microalgal CO2 bio-mitigation and biofuel production are greatly substantial. The team led by Dr. Chuan-Hsiung Chang of National Yang-Ming University was engaged in National Science and Technology Program for Energy (NSTP-E) and has created high efficient CO2 fixation, two times more efficient than wild-type algae, in genetically engineered microalgae, which is designed by computer-aided genome analysis and design tools. Based on this technology, this project will work on the genome engineering of microalgae and optimizing the CO2 conversion and production of biofuels and chemical materials. Microplasma is broadly applied in energy, biomedical and chemical materials. A number of research teams are aggressively working on CO2 conversion by plasma processes. Dr. Cheng-Che Hsu of National Taiwan University is a microplasma expert with many years of experience in the development of plasma processing, fabrication and characterization of nano-scale materials through low temperature plasmas. Based on plasma-based techniques, several microplasma systems such as Microhollow Cathode Discharges (MHCD), Dielectric Barrier Discharges (DBD) and Microplasma Jet will be designed and tested with the goal of efficient decomposition of CO2. A system integrated with the photocatalytic reactor will be developed. It is anticipated that such a plasma-assisted photocatalytic system can achieve a more efficient CO2 conversion. Photocatalysis is widely used for water splitting and CO2 conversion by solar energy. Dr. Chi-Sheng Wu of National Taiwan University has technologies and patents of photocatalysts, photoreactor design and developments. He is a distinguished expert with many awards in the photocatalysis field and serves a consultant of releant entrepreneurs and an editor of several well-known journals. In this project, the unique twin photoreactor will be designed and developed for photocatalytic water splitting and CO2 hydrogenation. And the CO2 conversion is expected to be improved by combining the microplasma technology in one system. In addition, three research teams will collaboratively develop a novel and high efficient CO2 conversion and utilization system combining the technologies of microplasma, photocatalysis and microbial genome engineering. Genetically engineered E. coli has successfully been used in biotechnology industry with high efficient production and various applications. This project will collaboratively be performed under these three technologies: the CO2 will be converted to CO using microplasma, the CO will be converted to one-carbon sources that will be further converted by genetically engineered E. coli to produce high-carbon fuels and recombinant proteins like antibodies. CO2 conversion and re-utilization are important in the near future. In this project, the three research teams will not only work on the technologies of microplasma, photocatalyst and microbial genome engineering, but also collaboratively develop a photocatalytic system combined with microplasma, photocatalyst and genetically engineered E. coli for CO2 conversion and renewable material production, which is unique and novel in the scientific research. Moreover, this artificial photocatalytic bioreactor will be compared to microalgal natural photosynthesis system for the evaluation of economic benefit and the effectiveness of CO2 reduction in Taiwan.二氧化碳微電漿光催化微藻基因工程CO2microplasmaphotocatalysismicroalgaemicrobial genome engineering