國立臺灣大學昆蟲學系暨研究所洪淑彬2006-07-252018-06-292006-07-252018-06-292001http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/12569螞蟻分佈於廣泛的棲所中且在各種生 態系中扮演不同的生態功能角色，因此螞 蟻群聚常被用來作為評估不同生態系的環 境狀況和管理措施的生物指標。我們假設 螞蟻群聚在我們研究地區的不同生態系 中，因環境因子、土壤狀況、人為干擾和 管理措施而有顯著不同，且螞蟻能對廣大 範圍的變動提供良好評估，因此有潛力成 為不同生態系生物多樣性現況與變動的良 好生物指標。為評估此種功能，我們嚐試 尋找對各種生物多樣性改變敏感的螞蟻類 群，建立螞蟻種豐度、種歧異度和種組成 與環境因子、植生結構和土壤動物的相關 關係，並建立以螞蟻為中心的食物網，以 瞭解螞蟻的生態功能。 選擇高海拔之翠峰至鳶峰一帶設一試 驗區，區內選擇草生地、次生林、原始林、 廢耕地等不同生態系，每月調查螞蟻相之 組成，由草生地、原始林、次生林、廢耕 地之螞蟻組成來比較不同生態系之生物歧 異度變異；由次生林、原始林之螞蟻組成 調查則可瞭解演替過程之歧異度變動；透 過原始林與草生地螞蟻相比較則可釐清人 為活動對螞蟻歧異度之干擾；而進行廢耕 地、次生林與原始林之螞蟻相比較則可量 化及評估人為操作對生物多樣性之作用， 進而作為生物多樣性維護與復育之參考。 本研究探明螞蟻的種類及組成，優勢 種週年數量變動，空間分佈變化及其生物 歧異度之變動，並建立不同生態系、不同 演替階段、不同管理措施或人為干擾之螞 蟻群聚時空分佈與動態與其他植生分佈之 相關性，並評估螞蟻作為生態系品質與保 育管理措施等生物指標的可行性。Ant species distributed over a wide range of habitats and played many different ecological function roles in varied ecosystems. Therefore, ant species assemblages have been used as biological indicators of environmental condition and management practices in many different ecosystems. We hypothesize that assemblages of ant species in different ecosystems of our study area will show significant differences depending on environmental factors, soil condition, human perturbations, and management practices. In addition, they are capable of providing an assessment over a wide range of stresses. So, they may have potential as a biological indicator of biodiversity condition in many different ecosystems in our study area. To assess this hypothesis, we try to find the group of ants that are sensitive to provide early warning for changes of biodiversity in the ecosystem. Associations between ant species, and environmental conditions and vegetative structure will be analyzed first. Trophic webs in different ecosystems will be constructed then, to clarify plant-ant-soil arthropod interrelationship. One high-latitude area was chosen as research area. In this area, ant fauna will be surveyed every month in various ecosystems of grassland, secondary forest, virgin forest, and stop-cultivated land. From the 2 comparison of ant composition in grassland, virgin forest and secondary forest, we can understand the change patterns of biodiversity in different ecosystems. However, the biodiversity changes in succession process can be revealed by the comparison between ant composition in secondary and virgin forest. By comparing the ant fauna among virgin forest and grassland, we will understand the interference of human activity on the biodiversity. In addition, quantification and evaluation of human manipulation on the impact of biodiversity will also obtained by comparing the ant fauna among stop-cultivated land, secondary forest and virgin forest. This result can serve as a reference for the future work on the maintenance and recovery of biodiversity. In this study, we unveil the ant fauna, the population fluctuation of the dominant species, the changes of spatial distribution and biodiversity. In addition, we will analyze the relationships among soil types, environmental factors and ant community in various ecosystems. Furthermore, we can evaluated the suitability of using ant as a biological indicator of ecosystem quality and conservation managing tactics judging from the relationships of ant community's time and spatial distribution and plant community and established from various ecosystems, succession stages, managing tactics or human interference.application/pdf53299 bytesapplication/pdfzh-TW國立臺灣大學昆蟲學系暨研究所螞蟻蟻科生物指標生物多 樣性antsFormicidaebiological indicatorbiodiversity[SDGs]SDG15reporthttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/12569/1/892621Z002075.pdf