2004-08-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/685253摘要：稻作目前為我國生產面積與產值最大之農作物，每年種植面積一二期作共約30 萬公 頃，每年糙米產量共約118 萬公噸，產值達332 億新台幣。自1980 年代以來臺灣的稻 作發展已由產量的改良轉型為品質的提升，因而發良質米育種計畫，目前已推廣栽培13 個良質米品種，生產面積已達總生產面積之55% 以上。自2002 年加入WTO 後面臨國 際市場的競爭下,我國良質米的市場發展受到相當的限制。解決的策略之一是研發具特殊 用途品質的品種,以開發多樣化、多用途的市場,增進我國稻作產業的競爭力。 農業試驗所嘉義分所近年來利用台梗9 號及台農67 號發展出數個高世代、已具遺傳 穩定性的誘變族群,初步分析顯示這些族群品在如蛋白質、澱粉等分子上具有相當變異性, 具有開發特殊性質品種的潛力。另一方面，本研究室在基因體技術之Proteomics、 Ionomics [ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy), 可進行 多重離子成分分析與Ionome profiling)] 、及NIR (Nea<br> Abstract: Rice is the largest cultivated crop on Taiwan. The plant acreage is near 300,000 hectares per year, producing about 1.2 million tons per year. The production value has reached 32 billion NT$ dollars annually. After 1980’s, the objective of rice breeding has been shifted from yield elevation to grain quality improvement. Research institutes have released more than 13 quality cultivars for practical cultivation since then. Nevertheless, after entering WTO, breeding for quality improvement has been facing a bitter challenge due to importation of high quality rice from international rice market. A promising solution for the challenge is to create new varieties with novel characteristics and added market value. The objective of our project is to identify new genetic lines with novel biochemical characteristics. In recent years Agriculture Research Institute has developed several chemical induced mutation populations. These mutation populations are genetically stable and contain considerable variation in macro biomolecules content, such as proteins and amylose. We have also developed techniques in proteomics and ionomics for rice genomic study. In the present 3-year project, we are to explore genetic lines which contain novel protein, amylose and minerals, using the mutation populations as material. Firstly, we are to use NIR spectroscopy to screen mutation lines having significant variations in protein and amylose contents. And than determine protein specificity and identity for selected genetic lines by 2D electrophoresis and Q-TOF protein sequencing. The genetic lines with novel mineral contents are also to be screened by ICP-AES. Agronomic traits of selected lines and their adaptability for organic culture system are further evaluated in the field. Results of the present study should create valuable genetic materials for rice breeding and elevate the competition ability of rice industry of Taiwan.關鍵字水稻品質育種蛋白質體學特殊品質Kewords: ricequality breedingproteomicsnovel quility