邱宏仁Chiu, Hong-Jen臺灣大學:國際企業學研究所何怡芳Ho, YvonneYvonneHo2010-05-112018-06-292010-05-112018-06-292008U0001-2006200808472700http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/182609本論文以社會網絡理論為研究出發點，將國際企業分成企業內部與企業外部兩個層面，藉由實證分析及社會網絡分析方法，討論知識網絡以及網絡位置對國際企業的影響。在國際企業內部網絡的層面，藉由建立知識分享網絡，討論何種網絡關係和網絡位置會影響外顯或內隱知識的分享；另外，在國際企業外部層面，利用專利權授權及被授權的資料庫，建立國際企業外部的知識流網絡，將專利權細份為四種授權形式，討論知識流對網絡位置以及企業績效的影響，並進一步討論知識仲介者在知識流網絡所扮演的角色及其影響。論文研究目的是希望藉由社會網絡的方式，找出國際企業知識分享與知識流更有效率及更關鍵的因素為何，實證研究結果發現，在國際企業內部的知識分享網絡中，諮詢網絡關係會對外顯知識分享產生影響，而友誼網絡關係則部份會影響外顯與內隱知識的分享；在國際企業外部的知識網絡方面，不同的知識流會影響企業在網絡中所佔據的位置，知識流會影響國際企業的績效，而知識仲介者的確會影響企業績效，不同的知識仲介者類型也會對企業績效產生影響。論文的研究結果證實網絡關係與網絡位置的重要性，並且能提供學術及實務界作為參考，如果國際企業能在此知識關鍵的時代，掌握自己本身的內部網絡關鍵位置，並清楚自己在國際企業外部所佔據的網絡位置，就能進一步根據自身的網絡關係與網絡位置，對知識的分享與知識流的建立產生影響，使企業能透過網絡概念的建立，更有效率的建立自身的優勢。This dissertation is based on social network theory; we separate the MNE into intra-and-inter dimensions. By empirical analysis and social network analysis method, we discuss if knowledge network and network position will have influence on MNE. In intra-MNE dimension, we build up a knowledge sharing network and we discuss which network relation and network position affect explicit / tacit knowledge sharing. In addition, in inter-MNE dimension, we take use the patent citation database to build an inter-MNE knowledge flow network. We also divide patent citation into four patterns. We discuss if knowledge flow and patent citation will have influence on network position and MNE’s performance. Moreover, we talk more about the influence and the role brokerage plays in a knowledge flow network. he research goal of this dissertation is that we hope to explore the critical factors which have influence on MNE’s knowledge sharing and knowledge flow. From the empirical result, we find that in intra-MNE dimension, advice relation will have influence on explicit knowledge sharing through centrality position. And friendship relation will partially have influence on explicit and tacit knowledge sharing through degree centrality. In inter-MNE dimension, different knowledge flow and patent citation pattern will have influence on network position. And network position will have influence on MNE’s performance. At the same time, knowledge brokerage in a knowledge-based network will have influence on MNE’s performance by different brokerage types.he empirical result from the dissertation support our assumption that network relation and network position are important. And the result also gives some suggestions for both academic study and also business. In this knowledge-based age, if MNE can easily understand its position in a knowledge-based network, then MNE can take good use of its advantage position and have some positive influence on its performance.口試委員會審定書……………………………………………………………….I謝詞………………………………………………………………………………...II文摘要…………………………………………………………………………......vii文摘要…………………………………………………………………………….viiiHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………...1.1 How Research Ideas Come From?--Basic Theory of This Study…………………1.1.1 Social Network Theory…………………………………………………….....1.1.2 Concept of Knowledge………………………………………………………..1.1.3 MNE’s Knowledge Exchange Network……………………………………....2.2 Motivation of Research……………………………………………………………4.3 Overall Research Puzzles…………...……………………………………………..6.4 Two Dimensions: Intra-and Inter-MNE……………...……………………………6.5 Main Research Questions and Research Goals………………………………........7.5.1 Intra-MNE Network…………………………………………………………..7.5.2 Inter-MNE Network…………………………………………………………..8.6 Overall Conceptual Framework…………………………………………………...9 HAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW……………………………………………...12.1 Social Network Theory…………………………………………………………..12.1.1 Definition……………………………………………………………………12.1.2 Basic Elements………………………………………………………………12.1.3 Influence……………………………………………………………………..12.1.4 Social Network Analysis…………………………………………………….13.2 Network Position…………………………………………………………………13 .2.1 Definition……………………………………………………………………13.3 Centrality…………………………………………………………………………14.3.1 Definition……………………………………………………………………14.3.2 Degree Centrality……………………………………………………………15 .3.3 Betweenness Centrality……………………………………………………...15.3.4 Closeness Centrality…………………………………………………………15.4 Knowledge Flow…………………………………………………………………16 .4.1 Definition……………………………………………………………………16.4.2 Patterns………………………………………………………………………16.4.3 Related studies in IB………………………………………………………...17.5 Knowledge Sharing………………………………………………………………18.5.1 Definition……………………………………………………………………18.5.2 Influence……………………………………………………………………..18.6 Tacit and Explicit Knowledge……………………………………………………20.7 Brokerage………………………………………………………………………...21.7.1 Definition……………………………………………………………………21.7.2 Origin of the Concept…………………………………………………….….22.7.3 Mechanism…………………………………………………………………..22.7.4 Brokerage Roles……………………………………………………………..23HAPTER 3 HYPOTHESIS………………………………………………………...26.1 The Overall Framework of Hypothesis…………………………………………..26.2 Hypothesis of Intra-MNE Network………………………………………………26.3 Hypothesis of Inter-MNE Network………………………………………………30HAPTER 4 DATA AND SAMPLE………………………………………………...40.1 Data and Sample in Intra-MNE Network………………………………………...40.1.1 Sample……………………………………………………………………….40.1.2 Measurement of Independent Variables……………………………………..41.1.2.1 Network relation…………………………………………………………...41.1.2.2 Explicit and Tacit knowledge sharing……………………………………..42.1.3 Dependent Variable………………………………………………………….43.1.4 Control Variables…………………………………………………………….43.1.4.1 Seniority and Age………………………………………………………….43.2 Inter-MNE: Knowledge flow network…………………………………………...43.2.1 Data and Sample……………………………………………………………..43 .2.2 Dependent Variable………………………………………………………….46 .2.2.1 Performance……………………………………………………………….46.2.3 Independent Variables……………………………………………………….46.2.3.1 Knowledge flow…………………………………………………………...46 .2.3.2 Degree Centrality………………………………………………………….47.2.3.3 Betweenness Centrality……………………………………………………47 .2.3.4 Closeness Centrality……………………………………………………….47.2.3.5 Patent Citation Pattern……………………………………………………..47.2.3.6 Brokerage………………………………………………………………….47.2.3.7 Brokerage roles……………………………………………………………48.2.4 Control Variables…………………………………………………………….49 .2.4.1 Firm Size and Age…………………………………………………………49HAPTER 5 RESULTS…………………………………………………………..….50.1 Result of Intra-MNE………………………………………………………..…….50.2 Result of Inter-MNE………………………………………………………….......53.3 Overall Result for hypothesis…………………………………………………….60HAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSIONS…………………………...…62.1 Intra-MNE Network……………………………………………………………...62.2 Inter-MNE Network………………………………………………………….......66.3 Can the Conclusions of the Research Answer for the Puzzles?.............................71.4 Managerial Implications…………………………………...……………………..71.5 Contributions and Future research Suggestions………………………………….72.6 Limitations……………………………………………………………………….73EFERENCE………………………………………………………………………...75PPENDIXapplication/pdf774385 bytesapplication/pdfen-US社會網絡理論網絡位置知識分享知識流知識仲介者Social network theoryNetwork PositionKnowledge SharingKnowledge FlowKnowledge Brokeragethesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/182609/1/ntu-97-D93724012-1.pdf