2013-08-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/712506摘要：水資源匱乏與能源節約為目前所面對重要的議題，因此必須發展低耗能、清潔、高效能的水淡化處理技術，以增加水資源之供給多樣性。電容去離子技術(capacitive deionization, CDI)是一種新穎的水淡化脫鹽技術，以奈米孔洞結構碳材為基礎，利用電吸附(electrosorption)原理來移除水體中的帶電荷污染物質或是離子，被認為最具有取代傳統的耗能逆滲透與電透析技術之潛力。 電容去離子技術的核心在於電極材料的選擇與設計，然而，目前國內外研究對於奈米碳材的孔隙結構、孔徑分布、奈米級尺度之中孔與微孔在電吸附過程中扮演的角色，離子溶液與奈米碳材的相對應關係，仍尚未有清楚的瞭解與具體的共識，成為電容去離子技術發展的瓶頸。針對此問題，本構想書中提出三部分：(1)研究帶電荷離子在奈米碳材中的電吸附行為，進而瞭解離子從水體中被傳輸到奈米碳材的孔洞內，並在奈米級孔洞中形成電雙層的基本機制；(2)發展新的電吸附傳輸模式，可用來模擬電容去離子的脫鹽程序，其中碳材的孔隙結構、離子的空間效應、與電雙層重疊效應會被納入評估；(3)結合電吸附脫鹽實驗與電吸附理論分析結果，建立奈米碳材的最佳設計準則，並配合有序奈米結構碳材的合成技術建立，控制孔洞大小與分布，成為理想的電吸附電極材料，而掌握電容去離子的關鍵性技術。整體來說，電容去離子技術為新型的奈米淨水科技，值得鼓勵開發研究，本研究成果可進一步增加電容去離子技術的脫鹽效率與競爭力，提升國內水處理技術，對於國內新的水資源開發，或是水再生利用發展會有所貢獻。<br> Abstract: The shortage of water and energy resource is one of the critical problems throughout the world. Capacitive deionization technology (CDI), or referred to electrosorption, is an energy-saving, clean desalination process to remove ions from aqueous solutions. By imposing an external electric field on a pair of highly nanostructured carbon electrodes, ions are driven toward oppositely charged electrodes, and then, they are electrostatically removed from the bulk solution and held in the electrical double layer within charged nanopores. However, the fundamental mechanism behind electrosorption of ions onto the nanostructured carbon electrodes is still not well-understood. In this proposal, various types of carbons, such as carbon aerogel, activated carbon, and carbon nanotube, will be investigated by voltammetric measurement and electrosorption experiments. A new dynamic electrosorption process model for capacitive deionization will be also developed. More specifically, the effects of pore confinement, electrical double layer overlapping, and ion properties will be taken into consideration. Furthermore, according to the design criteria of carbon electrode in capacitive deionization, we will develop a novel nanoporous carbon material, associated with ordered structure and controllable pore size, via hard/soft template synthesis methods to enhance the electrosorption performance. The findings of this work will provide several significant implications for developing advanced, clean, and energy-efficiency techniques with for water desalination and purification in Taiwan.電雙層奈米碳材料電容去離子技術水淡化脫鹽electrical double layernanostructured carboncapacitive deionizationwater desalination