CHIEN-YI CHENMEI-HWEI CHANG2021-01-042021-01-0420100965-5395https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-77955921278&doi=10.1017%2fS0965539510000021&partnerID=40&md5=7d5efe13c40662993653c8642d49bf8fhttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/537015Hepatitis B and its complications are one of the major global health problems. Around 2 billion individuals are infected by hepatitis B virus (HBV) worldwide, more than 350 million are chronically infected, and approximately 15 to 40 percents of them will develop serious complications such as liver cirrhosis, hepatic failure, or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The worldwide prevalence of chronic HBV infection ranges from 0.1 to 20 percent and varies widely in different geographic areas. According to the prevalence rate, WHO has classified countries into 3 levels: high areas (>8%) such as Africa, Asia, Western Pacific and Middle East; intermediate areas (2-8%) such as South America and Eastern Europe, and low areas (<2%) such as Western Europe, North America, and Australia. Copyright ? Cambridge University Press 2010.[SDGs]SDG3adefovir; alanine aminotransferase; alpha interferon; emtricitabine; entecavir; hepatitis B antibody; hepatitis B core antibody; hepatitis B core antigen; hepatitis B surface antigen; hepatitis B(e) antigen; immunoglobulin M; lamivudine; peginterferon alpha2a; peginterferon alpha2b; telbivudine; tenofovir; virus DNA; abdominal discomfort; active immunization; acute hepatitis; amniocentesis; anorexia; antepartum hemorrhage; birth weight; chronic hepatitis; clinical trial; disease transmission; drug efficacy; fetus distress; fever; hepatitis B; human; immunocompromised patient; immunological tolerance; injection pain; intrauterine infection; jaundice; liver cell carcinoma; malaise; maternal morbidity; meconium peritonitis; nausea; nonhuman; passive immunization; perinatal period; pregnancy; pregnancy diabetes mellitus; pregnancy outcome; premature labor; prematurity; review; vomitingreview10.1017/S09655395100000212-s2.0-77955921278