張淑惠臺灣大學:流行病學研究所何立婷Ho, Li-TingLi-TingHo2007-11-272018-06-292007-11-272018-06-292006http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/56211  第一期臨床試驗的主要目的在於尋找藥物安全的劑量,以備後續二、三期試驗參考。單劑量的安全劑量尋找,於統計上可看成劑量-毒性的二維反應曲線建構,當劑量推展到二劑量時,統計問題成為雙劑量-毒性之三維曲面建構,較建構二維曲面問題複雜許多,統計難度包括在雙劑量的交互作用描述及整體模式的參數估計。本研究目的在以雙劑量-毒性反應模式為基礎下,以條件模式方法將雙劑量-毒性反應轉化為二個條件單劑量-毒性反應模式,這種作法的好處在於條件模式仍可反映雙劑量之交互作用,且可以避免直接處理雙劑量模式的複雜性。The primary purpose of a phase I clinical trial is to determine the safety dose of a new drug for later trials use. Many statistical methods have been proposed for the determination of dose for a single drug. In statistical sense it can be regarded as a two-dimensional dose-toxicity curve fitting problem. In many trials, however, investigators are more interested in finding the doses for multiple agents. When there are multiple agents, statistical problem becomes more complicated due to the interaction among agents, and the monotonicity between toxicity and dose can no longer be assumed as that in the case of a single agent. For a two-agent trial, we have to deal with the three-dimensional curve fitting problem. A previous method used a joint-probability regression model to undergo the model-setting for toxicity response curve with two agents. Hence, we modify this method by dividing the model into two conditional models. Each conditional model describes the toxicity reaction of an agent conditional on the other agent. The advantage of our method is to avoid complexity in estimation but still retain the capability of the original method in coping with interaction between two agents.第一章 緒論 1 1.1 前言 1 1.2 研究動機 10 第二章 文獻回顧 12 2.1 利用所有劑量組合之一個子集合尋求MTD 13 2.2 固定其中一藥物劑量的條件式做法 16 2.3 利用等效劑量之關係的方法 17 2.4 利用六個參數的雙維度模式估計MTD 20 第三章 條件模式為基礎的二藥物劑量估計方法 22 3.1 劑量-毒性反應機率模式 22 3.2 資料結構與模型架構 27 3.3 建構與估計模式 31 第四章 討論 46 Reference 51 附錄一 藥物的不良反應(Adverse drug reaction) 53 附錄二 劑量增量計算方法(Modified Fibonacci Scheme) 54 附錄三 交叉抗藥性(Cross-resistance) 55 附錄四 概似比檢定(Likelihood-ratio test) 55 附錄五 牛頓法(Newton-Raphson Method) 57 附錄六 逐步檢驗虛無擬說之細節 59 1. 對於藥物毒性效果的討論 59 2. 未加入藥物時的劑量反應是否相同之討論 84 圖2.1降維度之方法 14 圖2.2九個劑量階段 15 表2.1劑量增加的概要 17 圖2.3耐受劑量與兩藥物合併之毒性反應。 19 圖3.1模式中參數的意義 26 圖3.2參數精簡之流程圖 33 圖4.1等毒性反應線可能之輪廓 49en-US曲面尋找劑量反應curve findingdose response以條件模式為基礎的一期臨床試驗之二藥物劑量訂定方法 :Thall et al. 方法的另一種作法Conditional Modeling-Based Approach for Two Dimensional Dose Finding in Phase I Trials : An Alternative Approach of Thall et al.’s Methodthesis