2023-01-012024-05-13https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/652109失智長者因判斷力下降，逐漸無法處理自身的財務，財產無法動支，也有被他人詐騙的風險。人口高齡化加上失智症盛行率隨年齡而增加，這樣的長者人數逐漸增多。失智症患者遭到財務剝削之事成為社會關注的焦點。民法的監護宣告及輔助宣告制度，雖可有效保護本人的財產安全，但對本人的行為能力限制過多，無法依照本人的情況（失智症患者的認知能力係逐步降低的情況）調整，忽視了本人社會參與之需求，也不符合身心障礙者權利公約所欲推廣的支持性決策。 本研究之目的在建構適合高齡社會的支持性決策法制，具體作法有三：第一，先考察目前失智症患者遭遇財務剝削的情狀為何。立基於此，再進一步探討適合本人的決策支持方式，對支持者的「代理權」與「同意權」等法律架構做理論檢討。第三，回到本人身上，在保護本人財務安全的前提下，討論如何將本人的「行為能力」限制彈性化、個別化處理。此際，將會把先前考察失智症患者財務剝削的研究發現（例如事件類型），應用在法院提供的「類型化的行為種類表格」的設計上。本研究之成果具有社會意義與實用價值，此外，在各國正在摸索支持性決策制度的此刻，本研究亦可提高台灣法學的能見度，成為爭取主辦世界會議的契機。 Elderly people with dementia are gradually unable to handle their own financial affairs due to their reduced cognitive functions, which leads to difficulties in making use of assets and risks of being defrauded by others. With the aging of the population and the prevalence of dementia increasing with age, the number of such elderly people is gradually increasing. The financial exploitation of patients with dementia has drawn wide social attention. Although the guardianship and assistance system in the Civil Code can effectively protect the safety of property, the restriction to legal capacity of the principal cannot be adjusted according to principal’s situation. Hence, the possibility of social participation of the person under guardianship is seriously harmed. This is not in line with the idea of supportive decision-making promoted by the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The purpose of this research is to construct a legal system of supportive decision-making suitable for the aged society. First, it investigates the current situation of financial exploitation of patients with dementia through studying court cases. Based on this, it further explores the decision-making support methods and conducts a theoretical review of the legal framework such as the "right of agency" and "right of consent" of supporters. Third, returning to the protected person, on the premise of protecting financial security, this research discusses how to make restrictions on legal capacity as last resort. The previous research findings of financial exploitation will be applied to the design of the "Behavior Type Table" for the court. This research has huge social meaning and practical value. In addition, at the moment when countries in the world are exploring supported decision-making systems, this research can also increase the visibility of Taiwan`s legal studies and create an opportunity to require the rights to hosting the World Conference on Adult Guardianship.成年監護;失智症;財務剝削;代理權;行為能力;adult guardianship; dementia; financial exploitation; agency; legal capacity to act