彭慶安Peng, Ching-An臺灣大學:化學工程學研究所蔡文議Tsai, Wen-YiWen-YiTsai2010-06-302018-06-282010-06-302018-06-282009U0001-3107200911321900http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/186947隨著全球經濟日益發展，人們正面臨兩大問題，全球暖化與石油危機。如何有效地解決這些問題是全球共同的目標。然而，二氧化碳是造成全球暖化之主要的溫室氣體，主要由燃燒燃料而產生。除此之外，石化燃料是有限且非再生的能源，終有消耗殆盡的一天。藻，藉由光和二氧化碳行光合作用而生長，並且可在細胞內累積油脂並轉化成生質柴油，不僅可降低大氣中二氧化碳的含量，且其所生成的生質柴油屬於再生能源能。然而，從電廠和工廠所排放出來的二氧化碳濃度約10-15%，此濃度的二氧化碳過高會抑制微擬球藻的生長。為了解決高二氧化碳濃度會抑制微擬球藻生長，在這篇文章中，光照強度和啟始細胞濃度是主要考慮因素。我們發現當微擬球藻在高光高二氧化碳濃度下生長，不僅改善了成長速率且細胞內的油脂含量大幅增加。結果顯示，微擬球藻在300 μmol m-2s-1和10% CO2培養十天後，細胞濃度從原先的1 × 107 cells mL-1成長至約9 × 107 cells mL-1，伴隨著油脂含量的大幅提升。然而，當使用15%的二氧化碳時，需要108 cells mL-1的起始細胞濃度，否則若以107 cells mL-1為啟始細胞濃度會造成生長抑制。在高光高二氧化下碳培養微擬球藻，其細胞粒徑會變大，這可能是由於油脂在細胞內累積所造成。我們由尼羅紅染色法去檢測細胞中的油脂含量得到證實。在更進一步實驗中，將微擬球藻放大培養至光生化反應器中。結果顯示，當微擬球藻在高光高二氧化碳濃度下生長可得到最高的細胞濃度和油脂，並且能夠有效的利用二氧化碳。此外，細胞內的油脂可被萃取後經轉脂化反應成生質柴油。且在高光高二氧化碳濃度下培養微擬球藻可得到較多的產量。The development of global economies is limited by two current problems, global warming and oil crisis, and dealing with these issues is a global goal. CO2 is the main greenhouse gas that results in the global warning, and is generated by burning fossil fuels, which are limited and non-regenerated resources that can be exhaust eventually used. icroalgae, which is grown by photosynthesis from light and CO2, can accumulate lipids inside cells and be converted to biodiesel, it can not only reduce atmospheric CO2 but also produce biodiesel which is belong to regenerated energy. However, the CO2 concentration discharged from power plants and factories is normally 10-15%, is too high for Nannochloropsis oculat growth. In order to solve high CO2 concentrations that result in the growth inhibition of N. oculata, intensity light and initial cell concentration are manipulated in this study. N. ocualata cultured under both high light intensity and high CO2 concentrations, not only improves growth rates, but also dramatically enhances cell lipid content. Results showed that cultured at 300 μmol m-2s-1 and 10% CO2, the cell concentration can reach about 9 × 107 cells mL-1 after culturing for 10 days from an initial cell concentration of 1 × 107 cells mL-1, with significant enhancement of lipid content in N. oculata. When 15% CO2 was supplied, the initial cell concentration of 108 cells mL-1 was required for growth because using 107 cells mL-1 as the inoculation concentration led to growth inhibition. The particle size of N. oculata was also increased when cultured with high CO2 concentration and high illumination. This might be due to lipid accumulation inside the cell, and was confirmed by performing fluorescent spectra of cells stained with Nile red. The cultivation of N. ocualat was further scaled up in a photobioreactor. Results revealed that N. oculata grown with high light intensity and high CO2 concentration can obtain the highest cell concentration and lipid, and use CO2 more efficiently. The cellular lipids were extracted and then converted to biodiesel by transesterification reaction. The microalgal biodiesel analyzed by gas chromatography revealed that high yield can be achieved by culturing N. oculata under stressful conditions – high CO2 concentration in combination of high illumination.口試委員審定書..........................................i謝...................................................ii文摘要..............................................iiibstract................................................vable of contents.....................................viiist of figures........................................ixist of tables........................................xvihapter 1 Introduction..................................1.1 Research motive.....................................1.2 Research purpose....................................2hapter 2 Literature Survey.............................3.1 Nannochloropsis oculata.............................3.2 Source of waste CO2.................................5.3 Photosynthesis......................................9.4 Reduction of CO2 by microalgae.....................12.5 Biodiesel from microalgae..........................14.6 Factors on microalgal growth.......................17.7 Rapid examination of cellular lipid................22hapter 3 Materials and Methods........................24.1 Chemicals..........................................24.2 Equipments.........................................25.3 Experimental methods...............................27hapter 4 Results and Discussion.......................38hapter 5 Conclusions..................................71hapter 6 Future work..................................73eference..............................................749042473 bytesapplication/pdfen-US二氧化碳微擬球藻光抑制啟始濃度生質柴油CO2Nannochloropsis oculataPhotoinhibitionInitial cell concentrationBiodieselthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/186947/1/ntu-98-R96524050-1.pdf