2019-10-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/678128摘要：西方蜜蜂是全球重要的經濟昆蟲，也是生態系中重要的授粉者；蜜蜂負責主要食用作物之授粉工作，對糧食生產的重要性極高；近幾十年來，自從農業藥劑問世後，對於生態系的衝擊受到高度重視，對蜜蜂的衝擊尤甚；近來全球各地皆有蜜蜂大量消失的報告，背後的成因尚未明朗，雖然蜂群消失非單一成因，農藥和病原菌極可能是元兇，許多研究指出受農藥影響的蜜蜂除了免疫功能表現受影響，對病原菌的抵抗變差，具神經毒性的農藥如益達胺對蜜蜂的行為與記憶也具負面影影響；本計畫使用組蛋白去乙醯化&#37238;抑制劑（HDACi）來利用表觀遺傳學探討對蜜蜂抗病原感染與記憶學習基因調控的影響；去乙醯化&#37238;抑制劑主要參與組蛋白修飾，會抑制去乙醯化&#37238;導致染色體結構改變，影響基因表現；這個計畫將使用去乙醯化&#37238;抑制劑，丁酸鈉（sodium butyrate）作為蜜蜂飲食添加劑，利用即時聚合&#37238;鏈鎖反應偵測基因表現，並進一步研究丁酸鈉對蜜蜂免疫與記憶基因的表現量差異性影響；並利用生物活性測試來探討蜜蜂對病原菌的耐受度與記憶影響。本計畫分析丁酸鈉對蜜蜂免疫與記憶基因的調控，提供初步的資訊給往後的研究，並了解蜜蜂相關基因表現被誘導後抗逆境之影響，以及去乙醯化&#37238;抑制劑在養蜂資材的可能應用。<br> Abstract: Western honeybees (Apis mellifera) are essential to the global economy. Honeybees play an important role in the ecosystem and in agriculture, pollinating many flowering plants and a large number of crops. In recent years, pesticide abuse has greatly impacted on honeybees, causing tremendous loss of honeybees worldwide. The reasons for this remain unclear but it is theorized that pesticides and pathogen-pesticide interactions may be involved; histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) inhibit the activity of histone acetylase, causing hyperacetylation of histone cores, and influencing gene expression. In this project, sodium butyrate will be use as a diet addition for honeybees; after treatment, analysis of gene expression profiles will be performed by RT-qPCR or PCR array. The further study that sodium butyrate up-regulated genes involved in anti-pathogens. Bioassays will be used to evaluate the effect of sodium butyrate on honeybees suffering from imidacloprid exposure. Further experiment, sodium butyrate increased the immune abilities of honeybees to defend against invasions of microsporidia, Nosema ceranae or other pathogen infection will be assay. Our project will analyzed expression profiles of honeybee memory genes affected by sodium butyrate, providing initiative data for future research; furthermore, our study examined genetic responses of honeybees to sodium butyrate, pesticides, and pathogens infection. This project shed light on how honeybees react to stress and also provide information about how HDAC inhibitors could potentially be applied in beekeeping.西方蜜蜂表觀遺傳學去乙醯化&#37238抑制劑免疫基因記憶基因Western honeybeeepigeneticsHDAC inhibitorimmune genememory gene