蕭旭峰臺灣大學：昆蟲學研究所吳士緯Wu, ShipherShipherWu2007-11-262018-06-292007-11-262018-06-292006http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/55049散紋夜蛾屬分佈於除南極外的世界各大主要陸塊，現今約有148個種被描述，且為夜蛾科最大屬之一。此屬幼蟲對真蕨植物門與石松植物門具專一性，而這種行為在鱗翅目中並不常見。由於自十九世紀以來夜蛾高階分類的波動導致目前為止散紋夜蛾屬的亞科級歸屬並無共識。本研究目的是解決散紋夜蛾屬及其相關屬之亞科位置進行系統發生之重新評估與夜蛾科食蕨性起源之推測，而此特殊的食性對於散紋夜蛾屬之物種高多樣性很可能扮演重要的腳色。本研究首先選取散紋夜蛾屬中可代表先前歸群系統與所有代表支系共85個分類群作為內群，並分別由劍紋夜蛾亞科、雜夜蛾亞科(廣義)、苔蘚夜蛾亞科、蕨夜蛾亞科(Fibiger與Lafontaine之定義)、鼠夜蛾亞科、盜夜蛾亞科(廣義)中，選取曾涉及散The genus Callopistria H論文審定書………………………………………………………………………………i 致謝……………………………………………………………………………………...ii 中文摘要…………………………………………………………………………...… iii ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………….... iv 目錄/CONTENTS.....………………………….………………………………………. vi INDEX TO FIGURES…………………………………………………………….… viii INDEX TO TABLES………………………………….………………………………...x INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………... 1 “PTERIDOPHAGY” IN THE LEPIDOPTERA…………………………………... 1 THE NOCTUID GENUS CALLOPISTRIA HARBOURS THE HIGHEST DIVERSITY OF PTERIDOPHAGOUS SPECIES IN THE LEPIDOPTERA…………………………… 3 TAXONOMIC HISTORY OF CALLOPISTRIA……………………………………. 7 A CLASSICAL EXAMPLE OF CHAOTIC SUBFAMILY PLACEMENT OF THE NOCTUID GENUS………………………………………………………………………. 8 AIM OF THE PRESENT STUDY……………………………………………… 10 MATERIAL AND METHODS…………………………………………………… 12 SPECIMENS ACQUISITION...…………………………………………….…….. 12 TAXON SAMPLING.............................................................................................. 13 COLLECTING AND REARING…………………………………………….… 17 SPECIMENS PREPARATIONS FOR MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES…………….… 18 MORPHOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS AND TERMINOLOGY…………………….… 19 RESULTS………………………………………………………………………… 20 PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS…………………………………………………… 20 CHARACTERS USED IN THE CLADISTIC ANALYSIS……………………………….… 22 RESULTS OF PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS………………………………………… 42 DISCUSSION...……………………………………………………………………. 49 WHICH SUBFAMILY SHOULD THE GENUS CALLOPISTRIA BE PLACED?.................. 49 WHICH TAXONOMIC TREATMENT SHOULD BE DONE?......................................... 51 THE BIOGEOGRAPHIC ISSUES…………………………………………………… 53 The EVOLUTION OF HOST USES……………………………………………… 54 THE PERSPECTIVES…………………………….…………………………...… 55 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……………………………………...………………… 57 REFERENCES...…………………………………………...……………………… 58 FIGURES...……………………………………………………………….............. 71 TABLES……………………………………………………………………….…. 100 APPENDIXES……………………………...………………………………….… 1128348734 bytesapplication/pdfen-US夜蛾總科分類群取樣昆蟲與寄主植物關係系統發育格局不一致性演化關鍵形質Noctuoideataxon samplingphylogenetic incongruenceinsect-plant relationshipkey innovationthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/55049/1/ntu-95-R94632002-1.pdf