陳誠亮臺灣大學：化學工程學研究所洪平松Hung, Ping-SungPing-SungHung2007-11-262018-06-282007-11-262018-06-282005http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/52086本研究之主旨在於透過數學規劃法來探討質傳交換網路中的合成與改良問題，參考Yee and Grossmann (1990a,1990b)所提出之熱交換網路階層超結構，本文首先提出質傳交換網路階層式超結構，此一超結構可以涵蓋所有可能發生的的質傳交換配對情形，不僅同時可以直接處理多成分和採用反應離劑的問題，也可以延伸至包含再生再利用之問題。根據此超結構，吾人可以將質傳交換網路之合成問題，轉換成為一個混合整數非線性規劃問題，此法不同於狹點技術需使用經驗法則，而是直接根據所提出之超結構，建立一個完整的最適化模式，因此可以同時考量任何能數學化之目標。 在本論文中也提出兩個新的策略來合成符合經濟要求且兼顧操作彈性的熱質傳交換網路， 也就是能容忍不確定的進口溫度/組成和流率，第一個為有效群組法，此策略將問題可以被 分成三的主要的步驟：(1)合成具最小年總成本(TAC)之熱或質傳交換網路；(2)使用操作彈性分析 去測試該網路結構在所要求之不確定範圍內是否可行；(3)透過整數切除方程式排除不合格之網路結構。第二個則為隨機取點法，此策略有三個主要部份；(1)合成具最小年總成本(TAC)之熱或質傳交換網路；(2)隨機取點之操作彈性測試I(尚未考慮單元大小)；(3)隨機取點之操作彈性測試II(考慮單元大小)。此兩策略皆需反覆的重複上述三個步驟直到得到所要求的網路結果。 本研究也使用一個多目標的合成方法，此方法能同時考量最少能源使用量以及最大化進口溫度變化之彈性，甚至最少單元數，這類的彈性熱交換器網路能被建立成一個多目標的混合整數線性規劃問題，為了處理這些設計目標，採用一個兩階段的模糊多目標方法，用以得到一個最好的妥協解。 本論文也將上述的合成改良模式與所提出之策略應用於文獻中常見的實例中，用以驗證所提之模式與策略之可行性。This dissertation deals with the synthesis and retrofit problems of mass exchange networks (MENs) by adopting a mathematical programming approach based on the stage-wise superstructure representation of the MENs. It is analogous to the one introduced by Yee and Grossmann (1990a,1990b) for synthesis of heat exchange networks (HENs). This stage-wise superstructure-based representation can not only handle multiple transferable components and reactive separating agents directly, but also be extended to include regeneration networks straightforwardly. Not using any heuristics that are based on the concept of pinch points, the proposed superstructure-based representation for MEN's is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) optimization model. Therefore, any objects can be minimized simultaneously. Also, two novel strategies for the synthesis of cost effective flexible heat/mass exchanger networks that involves specified uncertainties in the source-stream temperatures/compositions and flow rates is presented. The first strategy is active set strategy that is decomposed into three main iterative steps: (1) the simultaneous HEN or MEN synthesis to attain a network configuration with a minimum total annual cost (TAC); (2) the flexibility analysis to test whether the network obtained from the synthesis step is feasible or not in the full disturbance range; and (3) the integer cuts to exclude disqualified network configurations. The second strategy is random simulation that is also decomposed into three main steps: (1) the simultaneous HEN or MEN synthesis to attain a network configuration with a minimum total annual cost (TAC); (2) flexibility test without consideration of the size restrictions to verify whether the current network candidate is feasible or not for a large number of corrected uncertain parameters; and (3) with consideration of the size restrictions that have been ignored previously, execution of flexibility test of the network qualified in step (2), with an increase of the size of individual exchange units if necessary. A few iterations of these three steps for the two strategies are required to secure the desirable results. In addition, a multi-criteria synthesis strategy for heat-exchanger networks (HENs) simultaneously considering minimum utility consumption, maximum source-stream temperature flexibility, and even minimum number of matches is also proposed. The flexible HEN synthesis problem is formulated as a multi-objective mixed-integer linear programming (MO-MILP). For handling the multiple conflict design targets, a two-phase fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making method is presented to attain a best compromised solution. Final, several examples from literatures are supplied to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed MENs synthesis and retrofit models and the efficiency of the proposed strategies.1 緒論 1 1.1 前言...1 1.2 文獻回顧...3 1.3 研究動機與目的...6 1.4 組織章節...6 2 質傳交換網路模式之建構 9 2.1 模式建立之背景說明...9 2.2 模式之符號、系統參數與系統變數 (Indices, Parameters, and Variables)...11 2.3 目標函數與限制式(Objective Functions and Constraints)...11 2.3.1 限制式(Constraints)...11 2.3.2 目標函數(Objective Functions)...16 2.3.3 質傳交換網路模式整合...17 2.3.4 多操作點之質傳交換網路模式...18 2.4 多成分之質傳交換網路模式...20 2.5 具有再生之質傳交換網路模式...21 2.5.1 附加之限制式(Additional Constraints)...22 2.5.2 具有再生之質傳交換網路模式整合...24 2.6 非線性平衡關係式...25 2.7 模式之實例求解...26 2.7.1 例題一：蝕刻廠的銅回收...26 2.7.2 例題二：COG的甜化...27 2.7.3 例題三：人造纖維廠的去硫磺程序...30 2.7.4 例題四：移除煤轉換廠廢液中所含的酚...34 3 質傳交換網路之改良模式 39 3.1 改良模式建立之背景說明...39 3.2 模式之符號、系統參數與系統變數 (Indices, Parameters, and Variables)...40 3.3 目標函數與限制式(Objective Functions and Constraints)...40 3.3.1 限制式(Constraints)...40 3.3.2 目標函數(Objective Functions)...46 3.3.3 質傳交換網路改良模式之整合...46 3.4 模式之實例求解...48 3.4.1 例題一：COG甜化的改良設計(單成分)...48 3.4.2 例題二：COG甜化的改良設計(多成分)...50 4 程序之操作彈性分析 53 4.1 前言...53 4.1.1 系統變數和參數(Variables and Parameters)...53 4.2 操作彈性的測試問題...54 4.3 操作彈性的定量問題...56 4.4 頂點解之方法...58 4.5 有效群組法...59 4.6 有效群組法合成具操作彈性之熱質傳交換網路...62 4.7 整數排除不符合的網路結構...64 4.8 隨機模擬法合成具操作彈性之熱質傳交換網路...65 4.8.1 最適化網路之合成...66 4.8.2 隨機取點之操作彈性測試I...66 4.8.3 隨機取點之操作彈性測試II...67 4.9 模式之實例求解...70 4.9.1 例題一：具溫度操作彈性之熱交換器網路合成(多目標規劃法)...70 4.9.2 例題二：合成具溫度與流量之操作彈性的熱交換器網路(有效群組法)...71 4.9.3 例題三：合成具組成與流量之操作彈性的質傳交換網路(隨機模擬法)...77 5 結論與未來展望 81 5.1 結論...81 5.2 未來展望...82 A 平衡關係式(2.8)之推導 83 B 質傳單元設計方程式(2.12)之推導 85 C 第四章之例題二的詳細資料 89 D 熱交換器網路模式之回顧 97 D.1 模式建立之背景說明...97 D.2 模式之符號、系統參數與系統變數 (Indices, Parameters, and Variables)...98 D.3 目標函數與限制式(Objective Functions and Constraints)...98 D.3.1 限制式(Constraints)...98 D.3.2 目標函數(Objective Functions)...102 D.3.3 熱交換器網路模式整合...103 D.3.4 多操作點之熱交換器網路模式...104 D.3.5 多操作點之熱交換器網路模式整合...105 D.4 考量具溫度變之化熱交換器網路合成...106 D.5 熱交換器網路改良模式...107 D.5.1 附加之限制式(Additional Constraints)...108 D.5.2 目標函數(Objective Functions)...109 E 模糊多目標最適化 111 E.1 多目標規畫法之回顧...112 E.2 模糊多目標規畫法...116 E.2.1 模糊多目標規畫的性質...117 E.2.2 兩階段模糊多目標規畫法...123 E.3 演算實例...125 E.3.1 例一.多目標線性規劃問題...125 E.3.2 例二.多目標線性混合整數規劃問題...127 作者簡曆...137 作者著作...1392114368 bytesapplication/pdfen-US質傳交換網路合成改良數學規劃法Mass Exchange NetworksSynthesisRetrofitMathematical Programming Approach[SDGs]SDG16thesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/52086/1/ntu-94-F90524068-1.pdf