張育森Chang, Yu-Sen臺灣大學:園藝學研究所張維倩Chang, Wei-ChienWei-ChienChang2010-05-052018-06-292010-05-052018-06-292009U0001-2207200916113300http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/181012文心蘭切花生產時具產期集中之問題，本研究首先探討細胞分裂素(Cytokinins, CTKs)與激勃素(Gibberellin, GAs)對文心蘭Gower Ramsey生育與開花之影響，並探討不同季節除花梗對文心蘭營養生長及開花時間之影響，以期提早或延後花期，使產期分散。文心蘭盆花具花型、花色豐富之特性，有發展潛力，本論文第二部分即探討造成文心蘭盆花(Colmanara Wildcat ‘Golden Fairy’)花朵老化因子，及施用生長調節劑延長花朵壽命之效果。CTKs與GAs影響文心蘭切花生育與開花方面，無論於抽梗前或後處理0.2、0.4及0.8 mM 6-benzyladeninepurine (BA)皆可增加植株營養芽數。抽梗前處理0.8 mM BA會延後抽梗、第一朵花開及採收時間，且花徑較小；抽梗後處理0.8 mM BA則完全抑制開花。處理0.2 mM及0.4 mM BA之採收天數也較對照組晚。其次，於夏季之簡易溫室下進行不同種類的CTKs (0.2、0.4、0.6 mM的BA及Kinetin)、GAs (0.3、0.9、2.7 mM的GA3及GA4+7)與兩者複合處理，顯示GAs可促提早抽梗，但對至第一朵花開及採收天數沒有影響，低濃度(0.3 mM)抽梗率較高，但GAs處理後有老葉黃化現象。CTKs中僅BA可提高營養芽萌發率、促進營養芽生長且營養芽數較多，但明顯抑制開花或降低開花率。BA與GAs之複合處理可提早花梗抽出及營養芽萌發。除Kinetin外，其餘藥劑處理皆會降低假球莖生長。不同季節除花梗方面，於2008年3月1、15、30日、7月15日與8月15日剪除已伸長至5-13 cm之花梗，以3月份除花梗的營養芽數較未除花梗者多，但當代再抽梗率低(0%-16.7%)，子代於10月左右開花，未能錯開9-11月的產期。7月15日與8月15日剪除花梗者，營養芽數與對照組無顯著差異，而當代再抽梗率較3月處理者高(8.3%-41.7%)。達產調目的之處理有，1) 8月15日剪除5 cm花梗之第二花莖採收日為12月中旬，較未剪除者延後60天；2) 無論於何種花梗長度，7月15日剪除花梗後抽梗時間較對照組提早91-98天，採收時間為隔年3月中旬至4月上旬。分析再抽花梗與否和假球莖大小之相關性，顯示未再抽花梗之植株其假球莖較再抽花梗者寬且厚。延長文心蘭盆花(Colm. Wildcat ‘Golden Fairy’)花朵壽命方面，花朵於老化過程中乙稀釋放量極低(<0.003 nL•g-1FW•h-1)，且處理0.8 μL•L-1 1-MCP 6小時或1.5 mM STS之乙烯作用抑制劑無法延長花朵壽命。處理25、50、100 μM Fluridone (ABA抑制劑)可有效延緩花朵老化，顯示ABA可能為影響Colm. Wildcat ‘Golden Fairy’花朵壽命之重要因子，然而於綠色花苞期處理Fluridone會降低花瓣黃色度。開花階段噴施較高濃度BA (0.4 mM)亦可有效延長花朵壽命，花苞階段則以0.2 mM較為有效。單朵小花壽命方面，無論於小花完全展開、小花半開或半轉色花苞階段處理，皆以高濃度BA (0.4 mM)延長壽命效果較佳。Oncidium cut flower has problem of intensive production period. First, this study aimed to investigat the effect of cytokinins(CTKs) and gibberellins(GAs) on growth and flowering of Oncidium Gower Ramsey. Secondly, we investigated the effect of removing flower stalks in different seasons on vegetative growth and flowering date of Oncidium Gower Ramsey, in order to hasten or delay flowering period. Potted flower varieties of Oncidium bear attractive flowers with patterns and colors that have potential in the future. The second part of the study aimed to investigate the factors contributing to Colmanara Wildcat ‘Golden Fairy’ flower senescence and extend flower longevity by plant growth regulators. xperiment on effect of CTKs and GAs on growth and flowering of Oncidium showed, treatment with 0.2、0.4 or 0.8 mM BA increased the number of vegetative buds either applied before or after flower stalk emergence. Treatment with 0.8 mM BA before flower stalk emergence, postponed the time of flower stalk emergence, anthesis and harvest and reduced the floret diameter. Treatment with 0.8 mM BA after flower stalk emergence did not flower and treatments with 0.2 and 0.4 mM BA delayed harvest. Meanwhile, treatments with different kind of CTKs (0.2, 0.4, or 0.6 mM BA or Kinetin) and GAs (0.3, 0.9 or 2.7 mM GA3 or GA4+7), or their combination during summer under plastic tunnel greenhouses. The results showed that GAs treatments hastened the days to inflorescence emergence, but did not affect the days to anthesis and inflorescence harvest, and the percentage of flower stalk emergence was higher with lower GAs concentration (0.3 mM). However, the older leaves turned chlorosis after GAs treatments. Among CTKs treatments, only BA treatments promoted the percentage of vegetative bud emergence, vegetative bud growth and increased the number of vegetative buds per plant. BA treatments inhibited flowering percentage significantly. BA combinated with GAs treatments promoted inflorescence and vegetative bud emergence. Except kinetin, all other chemical treatments reduced the growth of pseudobulbs.n seasonal flower stalk removing, five- to thirteen-cm flower stalks were removed on March 1st, 15th, 30th, July 15th and August 15th. March-removing treatments had more vegetative buds than control treatments, but the percentage of current shoot with second inflorescence is low (0%-16.7%). Flowering date of daughter shoots in March-removing treatments was around October, and did not shift the flowering period away from September to November. Flower stalk removing on July 15th and August 15th did not increase the number of vegetative buds, but the percentage of current shoot with secondary inflorescence (8.3%-41.7%) is higher than March-removing treatments. Two treatments achieved the ambition: 1) Removing 5-cm flower stalk on August 15th, the time of second flower stalk harvest delayed 60 days than control plants, and the period of harvest was during mid December. 2) Removing 5- to 13-cm flower stalk, the time of flower stalk emergence was 91-98 days earlier than control plants, and the period of harvest was from mid-March to early-April. Size of pseudobulb without second flower stalk was wider and thicker than plants with second flower stalk. n extending Colm. Wildcat ‘Golden Fairy’ flower longevity, ethylene production of floret was extreme low during senescence (<0.003 nL•g-1•h-1). Treatment with 0.8 μL•L-1 1-MCP for 6 hr and 1.5 mM STS (ethylene action inhibitor) did not extend flower longevity. Treatments with 25, 50, or 100 μM fluridone (abscisic acid synthetic inhibitor) delayed flower senescence, thus showed that abscisic acid other than ethylene may be more important factors on Colm. Wildcat ‘Golden Fairy’ flower longevity. However, the yellow coloration of florets reduced when fluridone was applied at green floral bud stage. Flower longevity was improved when higher concentration of BA (0.4 mM) applied at blooming stage was prolonged with 0.2 mM BA at bud stage. Treatment with 0.4 mM BA prolonged individual floret longevity among applied at the stages of full-opened floret, half-opened floret and half-colored floral bud.目錄…………………………………………………………………………………….Ⅰ目錄…………………………………………………………………………………Ⅲ目錄………………………………………………………………………………….Ⅴ文摘要……………………………………………………………………………….Ⅶ文摘要………………………………………………………………………………Ⅸ一章 前言(Introduction)……………………………………………………………..1二章 前人研究(Literature Review)………………………………………………….3、 文心蘭植株生育習性及養分分配…………………………………………..3、 生長調節劑於蘭花之應用…………………………………………………..5、 除花芽對蘭花開花之影響…………………………………………………..7、 生長調節劑與花朵品質之關係……………………………………………..7三章 生長調節劑對文心蘭Gower Ramsey生育及開花之影響(Effect of plant growth regulators on growth and flowering of Oncidium Gower Ramsey)….13言(Introduction) ………………………………………………………………14料與方法(Materials and Methods) …………………………………………..14果(Results)……………………………………………………………………16論(Discussion) ……………………………………………………………….19四章 不同季節剪除花莖對文心蘭花期之影響(Effect of seasonal flower stalk removing on flowering period of Oncidium Gower Ramsey) …………….....37言(Introduction) ………………………………………………………………38料與方法(Materials and Methods) …………………………………………..38果(Results)……………………………………………………………………40論(Discussion) ……………………………………………………………….41五章 生長調節劑對文心蘭盆花‘黃色小精靈’花朵壽命之影響(The effect of lant growth regulators on flower longevity of Colmanara Wildcat ‘Golden airy’ pot flower) ……………………………………………………………….54言(Introduction) ………………………………………………………………55料與方法(Materials and Methods) …………………………………………..56果(Results)……………………………………………………………………59論(Discussion) ……………………………………………………………….60六章 結論(Conclusion) …………………………………………………………....76考文獻(Reference) …………………………………………………………………78錄(Appendix) ……………………………………………………………………….86application/pdf1309120 bytesapplication/pdfen-US生長調節劑文心蘭開花Plant Growth RegulatorsOncidiumsFloweringthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/181012/1/ntu-98-R96628107-1.pdf