2016-02-192024-05-14https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/656158摘要：全球暖化的議題是當前保育界所重視，並常關注暖化對物種及生態系的影響。冰河孑遺生物應是受暖化影響最大的物種，目前太魯閣園區屬冰河孑遺生物者，如高山小黃鼠狼及山椒魚等脊椎動物，故以山椒魚為指標生物辦理本計畫。太魯閣國家公園是山椒魚多樣性最高的區域，在此地區分布有臺灣山椒魚、楚南氏山椒魚及南湖山椒魚，實屬太魯閣國家公園的重要資產特色。 由於近年來暖化的影響，高山氣候已逐漸改變，如氣溫升高、夏季變長、冬季變短、暴雨加劇、小雨變少等等皆可能影響山椒魚的生存，因此本計畫針對本園三種山椒魚分布與微棲地喜好、族群動態、遺傳結構及親緣關係等研究，以利後續保育經營管理作為。 計畫的分布調查方面，一則對以往研究有記錄之處進行族群現況的瞭解，一則對園區中可能分布的區域進行調查。調查到山椒魚的同時記錄巨棲地、微棲地的各項因子，以及個體訊息，並採集組織供遺傳分析之用。第二項則是利用前項所得到的資料，對比於前人研究瞭解族群在這些年間的變化，以得到族群的動態資料，同時也建立未來的比較基礎。第三項為對臺灣山椒魚、楚南氏山椒魚及南湖山椒魚的遺傳結構進行分析，瞭解族群間的關係遠近、交流程度，又有哪些族群屬演化顯著單位，需進行重點保育。第四項為臺灣各種山椒魚間的親緣關係分析，以前述三種再加以阿里山山椒魚、觀霧山椒魚的族群，瞭解臺灣各種山椒魚的演化歷史，並且進一步瞭解臺灣的高山在這些種類分歧上所扮演的角色。 本計畫最後將綜合分析所得到的生態及遺傳的訊息，提出適合的經營管理作為的建議。<br> Abstract: The global warming is currently an important issue in conservation and often focus on the warming effect on the species and the ecosystem. The glacial relict organism should be the species with the largest influence by the warming. The Taroko National Park currently have vertebrate species belong to glacial relicts, such as Taiwan Least Weasel and hynobiid salamanders. In this project, we use hynobiid salamanders an indicator organism. The region with the highest salamander species diversity in Taiwan is Taroko National Park, where Taiwan salamander, Sonan’s salamander, and Nanhu salamander are distributed in the park area, and these are very important heritages of Taroko National Park. Due to the impact of recent warming, alpine climate has gradually changed, as temperatures rise, summer longer, shorter winter, storm intensified, the rain becomes less, and so are likely to affect the survival of salamanders, therefore, this project aimed at distribution and habitat preferences, population dynamics, genetic structure, and phylogenetic relationships of these three salamander species, so as to facilitate follow-up management practices for the park agency. In distribution survey, first is to re-survey where there were salamander populations in previous studies to find out currently status of these populations, second is to investigate possible distribution in park areas. In the survey, habitat, microhabitat, measurement of the salamanders will be recorded, and collect tissues for genetic analysis. Then distribution survey results will compare with information from previous research to understand population changes in these years, that information on population dynamics will obtain, and also establish the basis for future comparison. The third is the genetic structure of Taiwan Salamander, Sonan’s salamanders, and Nanhu salamander will be analyzed, to understand the relationship between populations, the degree of gene flow, and to identify evolutionary significant units. The fourth is the phylogenetic relationship of Taiwan hynobiid salamander species will be studied, to understand the evolutionary history of Taiwan`s different salamander species, and further understanding the role of Taiwan`s mountains range in speciation of these salamander species. Finally, this project will combine the messages from ecology and genetic, suggest a suitable management strategy for the management agency.太魯閣國家公園山椒魚分布調查遺傳結構Taroko National ParkHynobiid salamanderdistributiongenetic structure