Govind, GeethaGeethaGovindReddy, RajashekarRajashekarReddyHong, Chwan-YangChwan-YangHongKrishnaprasad, B. T.B. T.Krishnaprasad2025-07-102025-07-102023-04-19https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85172002208https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/730667Breeding and selection for harvest index to improve yield potentials have reached its biological ceiling limit. Recent efforts are on increasing yield potential by increasing biomass by optimizing radiation use efficiency (RUE). RUE is the efficiency of biomass production per unit light captured. It is essential to increase yield to meet the food demand of the growing population that is dependent on diminishing arable land. Improvements in RUE are possible by increasing photosynthetic efficiencies and its capacity. In this chapter, we describe the current understanding on RUE, the avenues that can be explored at leaf and canopy level to increase or optimize RUE, with major emphasis on improving photosynthetic efficiencies are discussed in detail.Nonphotochemical quenchingPhotorespirationRadiation use efficiencyRubiscoSmart canopy[SDGs]SDG2book part10.1007/978-981-19-7498-4_8