2010-05-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/671214摘要：完全控制型植物工廠不僅造價高，操作成本也高。主要的固定成本來自燈具、立體化床架、空調設備、滅菌設備與具備高隔熱能力的外殼。操作成本主要來自給光與散熱之需求。本研究首要重點在透過高效能燈具之選用與給光方式的改變，期能達成植物與燈具距離不高於30 cm 的目標，比傳統的45~60 cm 的距離減少許多。距離減半光量成為四倍，換言之，燈具數量可大幅減少，但前提是植物不能受到傷害。其次在應用塑膠材質，以多層空氣夾層做庫板隔間，期望能在不太犧牲其隔熱特性之前提下達到降低建置成本之目標。(方) 近幾年來，降低溫室效應和氣候改變所帶來的負面效應，漸漸形成各國政府與研究單位密切關注的問題。許多國家已經制定能源政策和計畫來處理多樣化能源、供應防護、經濟效率及環境保護。例如，各國政府為了達到節能減碳的目標，而採用積極性措施，包括鼓勵低能源綠色大樓設計，發展可再生能源並且促進電力管理。當今使用太陽能電池等可再生能源可充分地減少二氧化碳排放物。太陽能電池是一種透過半導體直接把光能轉變成電力。電是產自陽光而非礦物燃料，因此發電過程中不排放任何氣體，且在操作期間不需要渦輪機和冷卻水。另外，太陽能電池非常可靠並且容易使用。這些優點使太陽能電池成為一種可靠的能源，並且可有效率地減緩溫室效應對地球氣候的影響。 在農業方面，太陽能電池亦扮演著重要的角色。太陽能電池可被應用於植物工廠所需的研究設備上。 在植物工廠中，植物可在由太陽能電池所提供的完全人造氣候環境下生長。由於太陽能電池的獨特性質以及其多用途性，太陽能電池能源的應用在近年內已經有許多研究成果。然而，以現今科技技術而言，太陽能電池陣列的能量變換效率仍然偏低。因此，改進太陽能電池陣列的性能並且更進一步去降低能源轉換過程的損耗仍是值得進行研究的議題。為了達到最大的使用效率，吾人有必要發展最大功率點追蹤控制技術。而在本計畫中，吾人將藉由使用半導體理論模型發展一個簡化的控制模型，用以估計最大功率點並且進行穩定功率追蹤。而且，p-n 接面復合模型已經可用來描述半導體系統的線性和非線性溫度相依行為。藉由使用p-n 接面復合模型，太陽能電池的最大功率點可以被快速地估計出來，並搭配擾動觀察法功率追蹤模型維持最大功率輸出。因此，我們發現用半導體理論和擾動觀察法所建立的簡單控制模型不僅可以減少追蹤時間和能量損失，而且可以增加功率使用。不同溫度與日照量相關的最大功率點也將詳細探討。期望本計畫能為太陽能電池陣列的最大功率點追蹤控制模型帶來最優化的調整。(江) 台灣非常有潛力發展風力發電，除發電機本身設計外，相關監測也是風力發電上很重要之研究課題。本計畫的目的在建置小型風力發電機組於植物工廠，與太陽能光電系統並聯運作，並監測操作參數，項目包括氣候與環境監測、風力發電機噪音監測、以及發電機運轉狀況監測。(黃) <br> Abstract: Totally controlled type plant factory required high initial cost and high operating cost. The goal of this study is to make sure the plant factory is not only a technological viable, but also an economically attractive idea. The focuses are two folds, including redesign of multi-shelf bench with high efficiency artificial light allows the lamp-plant distance can be no more than 30 cm and redesign of vertical wall as the building block of the shell to reduce the construction cost and not scarifying the thermal conductance compare with traditional material.(方) In recent years, a critical issue has been emerged: how to reduce negative effects brought by global warming and climate change. Many countries have initiated energy policies and programs to deal with energy diversification, security of supply, economic efficiency, and environmental protection. For example, some governments have introduced policies to achieve the goal of energy saving and carbon dioxide reduction using different approaches including encouraging low-energy building designs, installing renewable energy sources, and promoting power management. In most cases the use of renewable energy such as photovoltaics (PVs) is able to considerably reduce certain carbon dioxide emissions. PV cells directly convert light energy into electric power through semiconductors. They generate electricity from sunlight instead of using fossil fuels, so they emit no gases and require no turbines and cooling water during operation. In addition, they are highly reliable and easy to use. These merits make PVs a reliable energy source and an efficient mitigation lever against global warming. In agriculture, PV cells have also played a promising role, due to its unique properties and versatile applications. For example, many studies focusing on plant factory have applied them to the research settings. In a plant factory, plants are cultivated under a completely artificial climate power supplied by PVs. . However, the energy-conversion efficiency of the PV arrays is still low, so it is worthy to pay much attention to improve the performance of PV arrays and further investigate the energy conversion process and energy loss issues. In addition, the photovoltaic modules convert solar energy into direct current electricity. In order to achieve maximum utilization efficiency, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control technique is essential to systems powered by the PV arrays. In this study, we will develop a simplified control model to directly estimate the maximum power point while remaining power tracking by using the semiconductor theory. The p-n junction recombination model has successfully described the linear and the nonlinear temperature-dependent behaviors of semiconductor systems. Based on the p-n junction recombination model, the power point of the PV arrays with maximum utilization efficiency will be simply evaluated and the power tracking with a perturbation observation method will be sustained. In this regard, it is expected that combining the simplified control model with the semiconductor theory and the perturbation observation method not only decreases tracking time and energy loss but also increases power utilization. Furthermore, the temperature and irradiation intensity-dependent maximum power point of the PV arrays will be examined and discussed in detail. The research results will shed light on the optimization of the MPPT control model in PV arrays.(江) Wind power exhibits great potential in Taiwan. The establishment and monitoring of the wind power generator is also an important research issue. The purpose of this project is to establish wind power turbine system for the plant factory, to make it generate power with solar cells, and to monitor the performance parameters, including climate parameters, noise by turbines, and power generation parameters.(黃)立體農場植物工廠節能充氣夾層牆葉菜太陽能電池p-n 接面復合模型最大功率點追蹤Vertical farmPlant factoryEnergy savingair-inflated wallleafy vegetablePhotovoltaic (PV) cellp-n junction semiconductormaximum power point tracking (MPPT)