葉仲基臺灣大學:生物產業機電工程學研究所黃聖峰Huang, Sheng-FengSheng-FengHuang2010-05-052018-07-102010-05-052018-07-102008U0001-1607200810573300http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/180189喜樹之嫩葉富含喜樹鹼，此為抗癌藥物的原料之一，所以對其需求量會愈來愈多，然而現今種植樹的農民並沒有一台合適的收割機械能大量且快速的採收其葉片，本研究目的為參考現今的採收機械構造，設計出合適採收喜樹枝葉之切割機構並利用繪圖軟體設計喜樹枝葉採收機之雛型。過調查現今農業上最常使用之切割機構，本文決定以往復切割機構做為主要測試切割機構，同時利用市面最常見的聯合收穫機用割刀組和採茶機用切割機構來進行測試；前者刀具為水平型式，刀片為鋸斷狀，後者之刀具為一弧型式，刀片為光滑狀。了準確地了解實際切割情形，本實驗於室內利用整組切割機構來切割多束喜樹，一開始以二種不同的台車前進速度(0.52 m/s和0.63 m/s)和二種割刀速度(聯合收穫機割刀轉速為230 rpm和330rpm，採茶機收穫機割刀轉速為750 rpm和850 rpm)進行測試，實驗中紀錄切割時扭力的變化及切割後之撕裂率以判斷切割性能之好壞。割實驗結果以聯合收穫機切割機構在二種割刀轉速和台車速度下之切割撕裂率在5%以下，優於採茶機切割機構只有在台車速度0.52 m/s下切割撕裂率在5%以下；接著增加二組聯合收穫機割刀轉速200 rpm和420 rpm和一台車速度0.84 m/s加以測試，總合切割結果發現聯合收穫機割刀轉速330 rpm和420 rpm在三種台車速度下皆有好的切割性，而割刀轉速200 rpm和230 rpm只有在台車速度1~2 km/hr下有好的切割性。割扭力實驗結果顯示，聯合收穫機最大切割空轉扭力和割刀迴轉速有線性關係；而切割扭力與切割動力和切割速度比(k值)有指數函數關係，切割所需扭力與動力隨k值增加而增加。後本研究認為聯合收穫機用割刀機構比採茶機用割刀機構合適於喜樹枝葉採收上。The highest level of camptothecin is found in the leaves of camptotheca (happy tree). This is a potent anti-cancer material, and in trying to harvest the leaves, farmers have so far lacked a suitable machine to pluck happy tree’s baby leaves effectively. The purpose of this study was to find the best device for plucking leaves from happy trees, and then use software to design a prototype of the leaf-plucking machine.n this study, the reciprocating knife mechanism was chosen. Two types of reciprocating cutting devices were used. One is a reciprocating cutterbar from a rice combine. It has a horizontal pattern and a serrated blade. The other is a cutterbar from a tea plucking machine that has an arc pattern and a smooth blade.n order for the cutting simulation to be realistic, this experiment tested the whole cutting mechanism at two different forward speeds (0.52 m/s and 0.63 m/s) and various knife velocities (0.38 m/s and 0.55 m/s for the reciprocating cutterbar from a rice combine, 0.88 m/s and 0.99 m/s for the cutterbar from a tea plucking machine) and recorded the torque and ratio of broken branches to determine which one is the best cutting mechanism.he result showed the ratio of broken branches for the reciprocating cutterbar from a rice combine at two different forward speeds and knife velocities is less than 5%. At 0.52 m/s forward speed for the reciprocating cutterbar, the ratio of broken branches for the tea plucking machine was less than 5%.wo additional knife velocities (0.33 m/s and 0.70 m/s) and one additional forward speed (0.84 m/s) for the reciprocating cutterbar from a rice combine were tested. The results showed that the knife velocities of the reciprocating cutterbar from a rice combine at 0.55 m/s and 0.70 m/s on the three above mentioned forward speeds had an excellent cutting property. But the knife velocities of the reciprocating cutterbar from a rice combine at 0.33 m/s and 0.38 m/s only on the forward speeds 0.52 m/s had an excellent cutting property.nother result showed that the max net torque requirement of the reciprocating cutterbar from a rice combine during the cutting operation had a linear relation with the knife velocities. Torque and power requirements during the cutting operation had an exponential relation with the ratio of velocity. If the velocity ratio increased, the torque and power requirement also increased.he conclusion from this study is that the reciprocating cutterbar from a rice combine is better for plucking happy trees’s leaves.目錄 頁次試委員審定書謝 i要 iibstract iii錄目錄 vii目錄 ix一章 前言 1二章 研究目的 3三章 文獻探討 4 3-1 切割機構 4 3-2 機械性質 7 3-3 往復刀具運動方式 12 3-4 應變規原理 17 3-5 含水率 19四章 實驗材料與方法 20 4-1 實驗裝置 20 4-2 實驗儀器 24 4-3 實驗材料 29 4-4 實驗方法 29五章 結果與討論 35 5-1 量取軸校正結果 35 5-2 切割撕裂率 37 5-3 切割扭力 40 5-4 喜樹枝葉採收機雛型設計 49六章 結論與建議 51考文獻 53錄 56目錄次3-1 三種圓盤刀片 53-2 衝擊式剪切裝置 83-3 剪切裝置 93-4 田間測試裝置 103-5 往復刀具運動分析 123-6 往復刀片動刀刃速度解析 163-7 惠斯登電橋電路 184-1 實驗裝置 204-2 雙人式採茶機 214-3水稻聯合收穫機用之切割機構 214-4 割刀動力組 224-5 台車實體 234-6 轉速計 244-7 應變規(KYOWA) 254-8 滑環實體 264-9 滑環規格 264-10 滑環座示意 274-11 KYOWA放大器 284-12 研華A/D信號蒐集器 294-13 測含水率設備 304-14 校正裝置 324-15 撕裂之喜樹莖 335-1 扭力-應變之關係 365-2 各種割刀轉速和台車速度之切割撕裂關係 395-3 聯合收穫機切割機構空轉轉速與扭力關係 415-4 聯合收穫機切割機構在230 rpm下之空轉扭力 425-5 聯合收穫機切割機構在330 rpm下之空轉扭力 425-6 採茶機切割機構之原始訊號 435-7 採茶機切割機構之平均後訊號 435-8 聯合收穫機切割機構之k值與扭力關係 465-9 聯合收穫機切割機構割刀轉速與扭力之關係 475-10 動力與k值之關係 485-11 喜樹枝葉採收機之前視 495-12 喜樹枝葉採收機之側視 505-13 喜樹枝葉採收機之等角視 50目錄次4-1 轉速計規格 244-2 應變規規格(KYOWA) 254-3 滑環規格 275-1 量取軸校正 355-2 切割撕裂率 375-3 切割撕裂率 385-4 採茶機切割機構最大空轉扭力值 405-5 聯合收穫機切割機構最大空轉扭力值 405-6 採茶機切割機構在不同轉速和台車前進速度之切割扭力 445-7 聯合收穫機切割機構在不同轉速和台車前進速度之切割扭力 445-8 採茶機切割機構ANOVA分析 455-9 聯合收穫機切割機構ANOVA分析 455-10 切割動力 47application/pdf1534450 bytesapplication/pdfen-US切割機構切割扭力撕裂率切割速度比cutting deviceTorqueratio of broken branchesratio of velocity[SDGs]SDG3thesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/180189/1/ntu-97-R95631002-1.pdf