馬劍清臺灣大學:機械工程學研究所廖恆增Liao, Heng-TsengHeng-TsengLiao2010-06-302018-06-282010-06-302018-06-282008U0001-2707200814155000http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/187320以往對於懸臂梁的抑振控制,大多使用壓電感測器,雖然有不錯的感測效果,但將壓電片黏貼在懸臂梁上,其質量和體積對於懸臂梁的性質會產生一定程度的影響,所以本文將利用質輕、體積小的光纖光柵感測器做為懸臂梁抑振控制感測器,並使用對暫態訊號有高靈敏度的能量調變解調方法,對受撞擊之懸臂梁加以抑振。了達到良好的控制效果,在開始控制前先對懸臂梁系統的基本特性加以分析,其中包括懸臂梁本身、壓電致動器與布拉格光纖光柵感測器與黏貼壓電片後懸臂梁性質的改變。本文使用的布拉格光纖光柵感測器分為量測應變的平貼式與量測位移的垂直式,除此之外為了確保量測的正確性,也同時利用應變規與雷射都卜勒振動儀作分別作為應變與位移量測結果的比較。文使用將各模態分別控制的方法對懸臂梁加以抑振,首先針對單一共振頻加以抑振,並利用控制單一共振頻所得之方法及參數應用控制懸臂梁受鋼珠撞擊之暫態運動,由實驗的結果得知不論是垂直式或平貼式光纖感測器對懸臂梁的第一共振頻都有良好的抑振效果,兩感測器最大的差異在於,垂直式光纖感測器對高頻訊號有較高的靈敏度,可以量測到暫態運動最初始反應的細節,但量測高頻訊號會產生相位差,使得高頻模態控制的效果沒有平貼式光纖感測器來的好。了單一次的鋼珠撞擊,為了測試本抑振系統對於多次撞擊的抑振效果,本文利用塑膠球的多次彈跳及兩顆鋼珠撞擊實驗,証實了本系統對長時間多次或極短時間多點的撞擊都能有良好的抑振效果。Generally, most people apply piezoelectric sensor to vibration control of cantilever beam and get good performance. But piezoelectric sensor would change the original property of cantilever beam due to its volume and mass. In this thesis, we choose fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor which has tiny mass and volume as control sensor. By applying intensity-modulated FBG which has high sensitivity to dynamic measurement, we can deal with impact vibration control of cantilever beam. In order to get good control performance, we should investigate properties of the system including cantilever beam, actuator, sensor and cantilever beam combining with PZT. There are two types of FBG sensor be used here, surface-mounted type for measuring strain and vertical type for measuring displacement. In order to attest the accuracy of FBG measurement, we also used strain gauge and LDV as sensor at the same time. We use separating modes method to design the controller. First we aim to single mode control and then apply these methods and parameters to impact control. According to the result of experiment both type of FBG sensor can successfully control first mode. However vertical type FBG sensor has higher sensitivity to high frequency modes. But it also has phase delay when measuring high frequency mode, the performance of high frequency mode control isn’t as well as surface-mounted type FBG sensor. In order to test muti-impact control ability, we use plastic ball which can bounce several times on cantilever beam and two steel balls as impact source. The experiment result shows that this vibration control system can successfully control long-time muti-times impact and short-time muti-points impact.摘要 Ibstract II錄 III目錄 V目錄 VI一章 緒論 1-1 研究動機 1-2文獻回顧 4-3 內容簡介 8二章 光纖光柵基本原理 10-1基本光纖光學 10-2 光纖光柵原理 13-2.1光纖光柵之分類 14-3 光纖光柵之製作 15-3.1 光纖光柵製作方法 16-4 光彈原理與熱光效應 19-4.1 光彈原理 19-4.2 熱光原理 22-5 共振波長飄移理論 22-5.1 共振波長飄移原理 23-5.2 受平面應力狀態 24-5.3 受單軸應力狀態 25三章 實驗儀器設備簡介 31-1 雷射都普勒振動儀 ( Laser Doppler Vibrometer , LDV ) 31-2 應變規訊號制約放大器 34-3 阻抗分析儀 ( Impedance analyzer ) 35-4 DS1104研究與開發控制卡 (DS1104 R&D Controller Board) 37-5 電子斑點干涉術的基本理論 37四章 懸臂梁控制系統之架設與基本特性 47-1 懸臂梁的基本性質 47-2 能量調變式光纖光柵感測系統 49-3 壓電陶瓷平板致動器 50-4 控制基本理論 50-4.1 二階運動系統 51-4.2 可觀測性與可控性 (observability and controllability ) 52-5 感測器與致動器之架設 53五章 光纖光柵應變訊號回授控制探討懸臂梁的抑振 73-1 單頻控制實驗 73-2 鋼珠撞擊控制實驗 76-2.1 鋼珠撞擊離自由端10 mm之實驗結果與分析 77-2.2 鋼珠撞擊離自由端60 mm之實驗結果與分析 79-3 總結 81六章 光纖光柵位移訊號回授控制探討懸臂梁的抑振 120-1 單頻控制實驗 120-2 鋼珠撞擊控制實驗 122-2.1 鋼珠撞擊離自由端10 mm之實驗結果與分析 123-2.2 鋼珠敲擊離自由端60 mm之實驗結果與分析 125-3 總結 127七章 控制器改進與多次撞擊懸臂梁的抑振 167-1控制器改良方法與實驗結果 167-2塑膠球多次彈跳撞擊實驗 170-2.1應變控制及量測 170-2.2位移控制及量測 171-2.3結論 172-3兩顆鋼珠撞擊實驗 172-3.1應變控制 173-3.2位移控制 174-3.3 結論 175八章 結論與未來展望 217-1 結論 217-2 未來展望 21819506948 bytesapplication/pdfen-US懸臂梁撞擊抑振cantilever beamimpactvibration control應用布拉格光纖光柵感測器於懸臂梁受撞擊之抑振研究Apply Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor to Impact Vibration Control of Cantilever Beamthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/187320/1/ntu-97-R95522503-1.pdf