Chen, Yi-JyunYi-JyunChenLee, Miin-HueyMiin-HueyLeeSang, HyunkyuHyunkyuSangChang, Hao-XunHao-XunChang2025-11-132025-11-132025-07https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105007925472&origin=resultslisthttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/733677Rhizoctonia solani is a destructive fungal pathogen that causes major crop losses worldwide. The fungicide pencycuron is commonly used to control Rhizoctonia diseases, but some R. solani anastomosis groups (AGs) such as AG-7 are generally resistant to pencycuron. This study discovered a sensitive AG-7 isolate (No.214), and compared its genomics and transcriptomics to a resistant isolate (No.213). PacBio whole-genome sequencing and Illumina RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed that No.214 has a whole-genome duplicated and pentaploid genome, showed broad transcriptional changes but lacked key detoxification genes in response to pencycuron. In contrast, No. 213 has a diploid genome and the transcriptional responses were mostly xenobiotic detoxification genes such as cytochrome P450 (RsCYP-1). Functional validation in Monilinia fructicola confirmed RsCYP-1 conferred pencycuron resistance. Collectively, this work advances the understanding of cytochrome P450-mediated pencycuron resistance and suggests genomic complexity of R. solani AG-7 isolates may influence pencycuron susceptibility.trueGenomicsMicrobial genomicsMycologyTranscriptomics[SDGs]SDG3journal article10.1016/j.isci.2025.1127562-s2.0-105007925472