Wang, Ping-HuaiPing-HuaiWangPan, Sheng-WeiSheng-WeiPanWang, Su-MeiSu-MeiWangCHIN-CHUNG SHUChang, Chin-HaoChin-HaoChang2023-10-202023-10-2020221664-302Xhttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35875534/https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/636419Patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD) have increased mortality. The impact of NTM species on the risk of mortality remains unclear, especially that of death by non-cancer causes. We conducted a retrospective cohort study from 2006 to 2018 in a tertiary-care hospital in Taiwan. We enrolled patients who fulfilled the microbiological diagnostic criteria of NTM-LD. The mortality causes within 8 years after diagnosis were identified, and the Cox proportional hazard regression was performed for risk factors of mortality. A total of 1,652 subjects with NTM-LD were included. Among them, 723 (43.8%) were infected by Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), 408 (24.7%) by M. abscessus complex (MABC), 120 (7.3%) by Mycobacterium kansasii (MK), 304 (18.4%) by other rapid-growing mycobacteria (RGM), and 97 (5.9%) by other slow-growing mycobacteria (SGM) groups. The 8-year all-cause mortality was 45.2% for all and the highest in the MK-LD group (59.2%), followed by the MABC-LD and MAC-LD groups. The adjusted hazard ratios were 2.20 (95% confidence interval: 1.40-3.46) in the MK-LD, 1.85 (1.54-2.22) in the MABC-LD, and 1.65 (1.12-2.41) in the MAC-LD groups for all-cause mortality, compared with the SGM group. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed that all-cause mortality, non-cancer mortality, and mortality due to chronic airway diseases were significantly correlated with NTM species (log-rank p = 0.0031, < 0.001, and 0.001, respectively). High 8-year mortality rates were found in patients with NTM-LDs according to different NTM species. Notably, the difference was significant in non-cancer mortality causes, especially in chronic airway diseases.enMycobacterium kansasii; chronic airway disease; lung disease; mortality; non-cancer; nontuberculous mycobacteria; species[SDGs]SDG3journal article10.3389/fmicb.2022.909274358755342-s2.0-85134599545https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85134599545