Yu-Tsung ShihKun-Chih ChengYi-Ju KoChia-Yu LinMei-Cun WangChih-I LeePei-Ling LeeRong QiJeng-Jiann ChiuShan-hui Hsu2024-07-012024-07-012024-0901429612https://www.scopus.com/record/display.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85192070957&origin=resultslisthttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/719545Engineering vascularized tissues remains a promising approach for treating ischemic cardiovascular diseases. The availability of 3D-bioprinted vascular grafts that induce therapeutic angiogenesis can help avoid necrosis and excision of ischemic tissues. Here, using a combination of living cells and biodegradable hydrogels, we fabricated 3D-printed biocompatible proangiogenic patches from endothelial cell-laden photo-crosslinked gelatin (EC-PCG) bioink and smooth muscle cell-encapsulated polyurethane (SMC-PU) bioink. Implantation of 3D-bioprinted proangiogenic patches in a mouse model showed that EC-PCG served as an angiogenic capillary bed, whereas patterned SMC-PU increased the density of microvessels. Moreover, the assembled patterns between EC-PCG and SMC-PU induced the geometrically guided generation of microvessels with blood perfusion. In a rodent model of hindlimb ischemia, the vascular patches rescued blood flow to distal tissues, prevented toe/foot necrosis, promoted muscle remodeling, and increased the capillary density, thereby improving the heat-escape behavior of ischemic animals. Thus, our 3D-printed vascular cell-laden bioinks constitute efficient and scalable biomaterials that facilitate the engineering of vascular patches capable of directing therapeutic angiogenesis for treating ischemic vascular diseases.false3D-bioprinted proangiogenic patchCell-laden bioinkIschemic diseasePhoto-crosslinked gelatinPolyurethane[SDGs]SDG3journal article10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.1226002-s2.0-85192070957