Kuo, Chin-shunChin-shunKuoTA FU DAVE KUOChang, AndyAndyChangWang, KaiKaiWangChou, Pei-HsinPei-HsinChouYANG-HSIN SHIH2022-11-112022-11-112022-06-1503043894https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85126280727?inwardhttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/624999Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a widely used brominated flame retardants, has been detected in various environmental matrices and is known to cause various adverse effects on human bodies. This study examined the feasibility and effectiveness of remediating TBBPA using Cu/Fe bimetallic nanoparticles (Cu/Fe BNPs) at various environmental and operational conditions. In general, TBBPA removal rate and debromination efficiency increased with higher Cu doping, higher Cu/Fe BNPs loading, higher temperature, and lower pH. At optimal conditions, TBBPA was completed removed at a rate constant > 0.2 min−1 where over 90% TBBPA was transformed to BPA within 30 min. The activation energy was found to be 35.6 kJ/mol, indicating that TBBPA was predominantly removed via surface-controlled reactions. Under pH 3–7 and ≥ 25 °C, debromination was the dominant removal mechanism compared to adsorption. The complete debromination pathway and the time-evolution of intermediates byproducts at different pHs were also presented. Cu/Fe BNPs can be reused for more than 6 times with performance constancy. Genotoxic tests showed that the treated solution did not find a significant hazardous potential. The byproducts can be further degraded by additional H2O2 through Fenton reaction. These results demonstrated the efficacy of Cu/Fe BNPs for treating TBBPA and its potential for degrading other halogenated organic compounds.Activation energyCu/Fe bimetallic nanoparticles (Cu/Fe BNPs)DebrominationGenotoxicityPH effectsTetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA)[SDGs]SDG6Flame retardants; Nanoparticles; Oxidation; pH effects; Rate constants; After-treatment; Bimetallic nanoparticles; Brominated flame retardants; Cu/fe bimetallic nanoparticle; Debromination; Environmental matrixes; Genotoxicities; PH effect; Tetrabromobisphenol A; Tetrabromobisphenol-A; Activation energy; copper nanoparticle; flame retardant; hydrogen peroxide; iron nanoparticle; metal nanoparticle; tetrabromobisphenol A; water; iron; nanoparticle; polybrominated biphenyl; tetrabromobisphenol A; copper; genotoxicity; iron; nanoparticle; organic compound; pollutant removal; adsorption; Article; Bacillus subtilis; controlled study; debromination; degradation; dehalogenation; energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy; environmental exposure; Escherichia coli; feasibility study; Fenton reaction; field emission scanning electron microscopy; genotoxicity; health hazard; high resolution transmission electron microscopy; human; in vitro study; inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry; nanotechnology; nonhuman; particle size; pH; photon correlation spectroscopy; Raman spectrometry; rate constant; Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium; synthesis; temperature dependence; waste component removal; X ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy; X ray diffraction; yeast; chemistry; DNA damage; DNA Damage; Humans; Hydrogen Peroxide; Iron; Nanoparticles; Polybrominated Biphenyls; Waterjournal article10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128630352991032-s2.0-85126280727