陳永傳臺灣大學：機械工程學研究所陳志杰Chen, Chih-ChiehChih-ChiehChen2007-11-282018-06-282007-11-282018-06-282006http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/61375為了瞭解固體粉末滲氮法的滲氮機制與特性，研究固體粉末滲氮應用於SUS304不銹鋼與JAC1模具鋼及SACM645氮化用鋼的可行性，本研究是將鋼料試片埋在固定重量之滲氮粉末中加熱，使粉末中所分離出來的初生態氮原子滲入鋼料表層而達到表面改質的目的。本文的重點在探討粉末滲氮的製程參數（滲氮溫度、滲氮時間、鋼料的成分等）對滲氮層之厚度、顯微組織、硬度分佈、對融熔鋁液之耐蝕性的影響，並與傳統氣體滲氮法作比較。由實驗結果得知，粉末滲氮法具有下列特點： 1.SUS304不銹鋼、JAC1模具鋼、SACM645氮化用鋼均可實施粉末滲氮處理，但滲氮硬化效果以SUS304最佳，JAC1其次，SACM645再次之。 2.粉末滲氮時間12 ~ 15小時可得到最佳表層硬度與硬化深度，此後即使滲氮時間再增加，其表層硬度與硬化深度增加之效果有限。 3.粉末滲氮法可以在450℃實施SUS304不銹鋼的滲氮，由於滲氮溫度低不易導致工件變形，且不易產生白層，適用於精密機件的表面硬化，但需要較長時間才有顯著的硬化效果。 4.為了使表層有效硬化且又能得到較大硬化深度，500 ~ 550℃為此種粉末滲氮處理法之最佳滲氮溫度 5.鋼料經過此種粉末滲氮處理後，能顯著提高對高溫鋁液的耐融蝕性。其中，以經過550℃滲氮處理者，耐融蝕之效果最佳。 6.對於複雜形狀的工件而言，經過粉末滲氮處理後，可以提高表層硬度，而且硬化層相當均勻，這是優於傳統氣體滲氮法的地方。 7.就滲氮硬化效果而言，雖然粉末滲氮法不如傳統氣體滲氮法，但粉末滲氮層的韌性較佳，不易破碎或剝離，在應用上可彌補NH3氣體滲氮層過於硬脆的缺點。 關鍵詞：固體粉末滲氮法、氣體滲氮法、融蝕試驗In order to understand the characteristics of solid nitriding, and the feasibility of method applied to steels such as SUS304, JAC1 and SACM645, we heated steel samples in the nitriding powder of a given amounts. The powder would generate active nitrogen that permeated into the steel surface. The purpose of the article was to study the influences of nitriding temperature, nitriding time and composition of the steel on the nitriding depth, the distribution of hardness, the microstructure, and the corrosion-resistance to hot aluminum liquid of the nitriding layer. In addition, the effect of solid nitriding was compared with Gas nitriding. The results were summarized as follows: 1.The solid nitriding could be performed with steels of SUS304, JAC1 and SACM645. SUS304 was the best, JAC1 was the second and SACM645 was the third on the hardening effect of nitriding. 2.The best surface hardness and hardened depth could be obtained for the nitriding time of 12 ~ 15 hours. The surface hardness and hardened depth would not increase significantly for the nitriding time over 15 hours. 3.SUS304 could be nitrided by the nitriding powder at 450℃. Because the low nitriding temperature was not easy to produce white layer and deformation, this method could be applied to the precision machine parts. However, it took more time to get an obvious nitriding layer. 4.In order to gain an effective surface hardness and thick hardening depth, the temperature range from 500℃ to 550℃ was the optimal temperature for the solid nitriding. 5.Steel after solid nitriding could have better corrosion resistance to aluminum liquid. Besides, the corrosion resistance was the best for the steel nitrided at 550℃. 6.The complicated workpiece performed solid nitriding could obtain a more uniform hardening layer than traditional gas nitriding. 7.The solid nitriding was inferior to the traditional gas nitriding on hardening effect, but the solid nitrided layer had better toughness. This feature could improve the brittleness of the gas nitrided layer. Keywords: Solid nitriding, Gas nitriding, Corrosion-resistance test目 錄 第一章 緒論......................………………………………....................1 1-1 前言.................……………………………..........................1 1-2 研究動機....………………………………………………...2 第二章 文獻回顧........................……………………………..............3 2-1 氣體滲氮法...…………...........……………………............3 2-2 CaCN2固體滲氮法.......…………………….......................3 2-3 融傷試驗......................………………………………........4 第三章 實驗設備與方法.............……………………….................…6 3-1 實驗規劃........…………………………………..............…6 3-2 實驗設備............…………………………………...........…6 3-2-1 粉末滲氮處理設備.....…………………….……......…6 3-2-2 氣體滲氮處理設備..........……………......................…7 3-2-3 融傷設備...................…………….……….…...........…7 3-2-4 實驗儀器.................…………….…………..............…7 3-3 實驗方法……………………………….………..…………8 3-3-1 試片種類及前處理………………………….………..8 3-3-2 粉末滲氮處理……………………………….………..8 3-3-3 氣體滲氮處理……………………………….………..9 3-3-4 滲氮粉末產生氨氣之量測………………….………..9 3-4 鋼料經粉末滲氮處理後之試驗與分析……………….....10 3-4-1 硬度分佈量測……………………………………….10 3-4-2 顯微組織觀察……………………………………….11 3-4-3 融傷試驗…………………………………………….11 3-4-4 電子微探儀（EPMA）試驗………………………..12 3-4-5 X-ray繞射（XRD）試驗…………………………..12 第四章 結果與討論...........................………………………….........13 4-1 粉末滲氮法.............…………………………...................13 4-1-1 粉末滲氮處理條件………………………………....13 4-1-2 粉末滲氮的溫度量測...………………………….....13 4-1-3 滲氮粉末經熱分解所生成的氣體之分析..……......14 4-1-4 滲氮時間對硬度分佈的影響.....................…….…..14 4-1-5 滲氮溫度對硬度分佈的影響....................………...15 4-1-6 滲氮後之顯微組織觀察.................………….…......16 4-1-7 電子微探儀（EPMA）試驗…………….…………16 4-1-8 X-ray繞射（XRD）試驗……………….…………17 4-2 融傷試驗.............................…………………….………...18 4-3 粉末滲氮法與傳統NH3氣體滲氮法之比較……………19 4-3-1 硬度分佈的之比較.....……………………………….19 4-3-2 鋼種之滲氮可行性..………………………………....19 第五章 結論...........................…………………………….................22 參考文獻.......................................………………………………….......23 表錄........................................……………………………………..........24 圖錄..................................……………………………………................281523447 bytesapplication/pdfen-US固體粉末滲氮法氣體滲氮法融蝕試驗Solid nitridingGas nitridingCorrosion-resistance testthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/61375/1/ntu-95-R93522718-1.pdf