TING-CHUN HUANG2021-12-232021-12-232021-05-2721936315https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/590640 Endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion using a cage can have a similar fusion rate as minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) or open lumbar interbody fusion. Direct visual control during cage insertion is the key to prevent neural structure incarceration in endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion. Creating a track with any kind of retractor or cannula for cage insertion under fluoroscopic guidance is not safe enough, because the retractor and cannula can create many blind spots and can displace during cage insertion.enbiportal | endoscopy | interbody fusion | lumbar | transforaminaljournal article10.1055/s-0041-1726107340444672-s2.0-85107403221https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/85107403221