周陽山Chou, Yang-Shan臺灣大學:新聞研究所陳文信Chen, Wen-HsinWen-HsinChen2010-05-052018-06-282010-05-052018-06-282008U0001-2001200823450000http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/179172第七次修憲對我國政局未來發展有重大影響,修憲過程民、國兩大黨藉由「國會減半」改革旗幟的號召,成功形塑期待憲政改革的主流民意,修憲案也因兩大黨政治實力的優勢而順利通過。在民主社會中,人民有權要求修憲的程序和內容,符合社會公義與程序正義;不過,修憲過程與修憲案本身,卻引發諸多爭議,修憲過程中多元意見亦未獲得充分的討論與呈現。主奠基於不同利益、不同觀點的人彼此對話,經由溝通與協商過程形成多元社會的共識。而大眾傳播媒體在民主社會擔負重任,「監督政府」、「公共論壇」就是最被期待的兩種政治角色。本研究分析媒體在此次修憲中的政治立場,檢視其所扮演的角色,從中反映近年台灣媒體環境的發展、變遷與結構性困境,並對新聞專業意理與媒體當前困境提出省思和建議,以作為日後媒體報導國會立法、處理憲政爭議的參考方向。報在本次修憲過程中,積極針對修憲條文內容及過程等議題提出主張,也呈現出不同的論述策略及特質。本研究認為,影響四報評論態度偏向的因素,議題取向已大於政黨取向,不過各報基本的政治立場是長期因素影響,短期內難以變動。綜合來看,無論是從公共領域中意見自由流通及公民審議的觀點,或是從守望社會、監督政府的第四權位階,來審視媒體在此次修憲的表現,國內大眾報業仍有一大段改善的空間。本研究反思新聞專業意理,並分析平面媒體政經結構的控制、產業危機、及其再造公民社會的挑戰,以對各層面提出改進方向。研究建議,媒體應檢討過去傳統新聞專業意理中「守門人」、「中立者」角色僵化的問題,引進公民新聞學,主動引發公民討論,以公民的關懷作為新聞報導與評論的選擇標準之一,補現今媒體角色之不足。就修憲議題而言,媒體可以透過新聞專業和對公共事務的分析能力,結合民眾力量參與審議,形成公民輿論,進而由下而上間接影響政治人物或政黨的政策決定,以再造公民社會與公共領域,深化媒體公共領域的實踐。未來媒體處理修憲議題時,應多著力於「修憲前準備」階段,另外,也應避免政治議題的討論陷入國家認同的爭議。The seventh constitutional reform will impact political situation in Taiwan. In the process of the seventh constitutional reform, DPP and KMT successfully form mainstream public opinion which had been sympathetic to constitutional reform. Therefore, the seventh constitutional reform passed through smoothly in 2005. Factually, the rights which ask for procedural and social justice during constitutional reform of people have been protected. However, the process of constitutional reform and articles both give rise to many disputes. It hadn’t been discussed and communicated adequately that various opinion during the seventh constitutional reform.he mass media assume important responsibilities in democratic society. The political role of media that “Watch Dog” and “Public Forum” were expected. This research analyses political preference of mass newspaper which publish in Taiwan in seventh constitutional reform, and survey the role of media in political controversy. Expect to be a mirror of the development, transition, and structure predicament of media in Taiwan recently. Furthermore, this research introspect traditional profession of journalism to advance suggestions for political news report in the future.uring the seventh constitutional reform, newspapers advanced many views and positions actively, moreover, different peculiarity and tactics arose in their discourses. This research discovers that issue factors influence deflection of newspapers commentaries instead of political preference. Nevertheless, the political preference of newspapers which based on extended structure doesn’t be changed easily. Generally, the constructive role of newspapers should be strengthened.his research analyses structural control, industrial crisis, challenge to rebuild civil society of mass newspapers in Taiwan. This research advises newspapers to review “gatekeeper” and “neutral” roles, and make up a deficiency by introducing public journalism. Mass media should make use of news specialty and analytic ability to public affair appropriately, and integrate power of citizen to participate public deliberation, even to affect politicians, political parties, and policy decision. According to above suggestions, mass media have a chance to rebuild civil society by reinforcing practice for public forum.目錄文口試委員審定書…………………………………………………………… i辭……………………………………………………………………………… ii文摘要及關鍵詞……………………………………………………………… iii文摘要及關鍵詞……………………………………………………………… iv一章、緒論……………………………………………………… 1一節、研究背景………………………………………………………… 1二節、研究緣起………………………………………………………… 2三節、台灣主要報業集團的政治立場分析…………………………… 4四節、問題意識與研究目的…………………………………………… 8五節、研究途徑與方法………………………………………………… 11二章、理論及文獻探討………………………………………… 15一節、台灣民主化與憲政發展………………………………………… 15二節、公民社會與民粹式民主………………………………………… 18三節、憲政民主與新聞自由…………………………………………… 26四節、新聞媒體的位置與角色………………………………………… 29三章、我國歷次修憲進程分析………………………………… 34一節、我國憲政沿革與憲改背景……………………………………… 34二節、歷次修憲進程…………………………………………………… 38三節、七度修憲的歷史定位…………………………………………… 46四章、第七次修憲過程與爭議分析…………………………… 49一節、修憲案發起與立法院審議……………………………………… 50二節、公告六個月與任務型國民大會選舉…………………………… 53三節、任務型國民大會複決…………………………………………… 58四節、大法官對修憲程序的解釋……………………………………… 63五節、憲政體制之變革與影響………………………………………… 65五章、憲政爭議中的報紙角色………………………………… 74一節、評論呈現形式分佈……………………………………………… 74二節、時間與議題分佈………………………………………………… 78三節、修憲立場分析…………………………………………………… 82四節、政治立場分析…………………………………………………… 116五節、各報修憲論述評析……………………………………………… 121六章、當前平面媒體困境與出路……………………………… 127一節、當前媒體角色與位置…………………………………………… 127二節、新聞專業的反思………………………………………………… 129三節、平面媒體政經結構的控制與契機……………………………… 137四節、平面媒體的產業危機與出路…………………………………… 142五節、媒體公共領域的瓦解與再造…………………………………… 145七章、研究結論與建議………………………………………… 151一節、研究發現………………………………………………………… 151二節、研究結論………………………………………………………… 155三節、研究限制與建議………………………………………………… 159考書目………………………………………………………………………… 161錄一:修憲進程與媒體修憲評論一覽表…………………………………… 167錄二:深度訪談問題重點紀要……………………………………………… 175目錄2-2-1:民粹主義的類型與分類…………………………………………… 213-3-1:我國歷次修憲之重點和主要內容………………………………… 465-1-1:四報與修憲相關之新聞評論總額比較表………………………… 755-1-2:四報與修憲相關之新聞評論呈現形式一覽表…………………… 765-1-3:四報與修憲相關之新聞評論呈現形式比較表…………………… 785-2-1:四報與修憲相關之新聞評論時間分佈表………………………… 805-2-2:四報與修憲相關之新聞評論議題分佈表………………………… 825-3-1:各報對修憲案整體立場篇數統計表……………………………… 835-3-2:各報對立委減半立場篇數統計表………………………………… 865-3-3:各報對選制變革立場篇次統計表………………………………… 915-3-4:各報選制改革相關配套措施篇次統計表………………………… 965-3-5:各報對廢除國大及其職權移轉立場篇次統計表………………… 1005-3-6:各報對修憲程序爭議立場篇次統計表…………………………… 1097-1-1:各報對修憲內容的態度綜合比較表……………………………… 1527-1-2:各報對修憲程序爭議的立場綜合比較表………………………… 154application/pdf1099244 bytesapplication/pdfen-US修憲報紙媒體角色政治立場公民社會媒體政治constitutional reformnewspaperthe role of mediapolitical preferencecivil societymedia and policy第七次修憲中的憲改爭議與報紙角色The Role of Newspaper in Disputes of Constitutional Amendment During the Seventh Constitutional Reformhttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/179172/1/ntu-97-R94342021-1.pdf