2006-08-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/686253摘要：棲地破碎化被認為是全球生物多樣性快速流失的重要原因之一。然而，棲地破碎化幾乎都伴隨著棲地多樣化。群聚生態學長久以來認為，棲地多樣化是增加物種多樣性的重要原因與機制。棲地應該如何安排與經營，使其達到多樣化的正面效果，卻沒有破碎化的負面效果，主要的關鍵在於生物的微棲地選擇、活動範圍大小、以及棲地區塊面積間的相互關係。本計畫擬進行三年，針對棲地多樣且破碎的台大梅峰山地農場，就其內之繁殖鳥類群聚，進行下列三個主要研究項目：(1) 以領域描圖法，監測鳥類每年的領域分布及群聚組成；(2) 配合全域微棲地調查，界定鳥種之微棲地選擇；(3) 配合持續三年之鳥類繫放，比較鳥類之繁殖成功率。預計三年之研究成果，將能有效回答下列重要問題：(1) 棲地區塊邊緣及內部是否在微棲地環境上存有差異？(2) 各鳥種是否存有偏好棲地邊緣或內部的傾向？(3) 各鳥種的微棲地選擇模式為何？(4) 各鳥種的平均活動範圍面積為何？(5) 鳥類之繁殖成功率在不同棲地內是否有差異？(6) 鳥類群聚組成的年間變化為何？本計畫的完成，將有助於釐清棲地多樣化及破碎化對生物種類多樣性之影響，不僅可深入探討群聚生態學及地景生態學之理論假說，<br> Abstract: Habitat fragmentation has been considered as one major cause of global biodiversity loss. In most situations, habitat fragmentation couples with habitat heterogeneity, which has also been viewed as main process of maintaining species diversity in theories of community ecology. To avoid adverse effects of habitat fragmentation and maintain favorable effects of habitat heterogeneity, sound arrangement and management of habitats rely on the inter-relationships among habitat selection of organisms, size of home range, and area of habitat patches. I propose a three-year research on the breeding bird community in the highly diverse and fragmented habitats of Meifong Experimental Farm, National Taiwan University. Main objectives of this research are to (1) monitor bird distribution and community composition annually by territory mapping, (2) determine pattern of bird habitat selection with vegetation structure census, and (3) compare reproductive success of birds within various habitats by extensive bird banding. Results of this three-year study will provide critical evidences for following key questions: (1) Do microhabitat variables differ between edge habitats and interior habitats? (2) Do birds tend to select edge habitats or interior habitats? (3) What are the patterns of habitat selection in bird species? (4) What are the sizes of home ranges of bird species? (5) Do reproductive success of birds decrease in edge habitats and smaller habitat patches? (6) What are the annual variations of bird community composition? Completion of this study will provide clear evidence to assess the effects of habitat fragmentation/heterogeneity on species diversity, which will not only critically test several theories in community ecology and landscape ecology but also generate valuable insights to practices of biodiversity conservation, wildlife management, and forest ecosystem management.