2010-04-152024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/683873摘要：大規模放生活動的發展與參與者的熱衷、部分商人專門從事獵捕、繁殖、輸入野生動物以販售牟利，有著密切不可分割的關係，放生團體與業者間已形成「互利共生」的結構。 隨著放生活動與販賣營利的過程，各種野生動物為了被釋放，在被捕獲、傷亡的無限循環中不斷犧牲耗損，也進入了本來不屬於牠們的棲地。當捕獲量趕不上需求，業者即轉為養殖或從外國輸入，伴隨而來的即為外來種的問題，而放生動物不適應、或與原棲地動物間競爭所導致之區域內食物缺乏，將造成大量放生動物與原生動物死亡，以及原棲地生態系統衝擊。 　　除從獵捕到釋放中顯而易見的生命耗損外，尚有傳染病及環境污染問題；隨著商業利益所驅動的放生活動，其中所蘊含牽扯的問題乃是放生活動與商業利益參與結構相結合的現象，稱「商業化放生」。 　　本文從商業利益參與結構的行為面向觀察，整理出從獵捕到釋放過程中的存在的諸問題，並提出一個商業利益參與結構以及放生行為態樣的模型假設，綜覽整個大規模放生問題所在。 　　同時檢視現行法制下，從野生動物的獵捕、繁殖、輸入行為；儲藏、裝籠、運輸、與移轉、販售行為；購買行為；放生行為；致生的公共安全衛生問題；到放生商業機制的規制狀態，檢驗標準以能否破壞、或增加成本，使該商業利益參與結構難以順利運轉，期能透過除取獲利之經濟效果以壓縮獵捕及交易規模。 　　最後，立法建議上，評估各種修法方向，並從是否動物權入憲、是否集中單一管制機關以集中事權、到於野保法中增訂商業化放生條文，暨其增訂所適用的對象範圍予以界定，以收其短期內因應現況的適用需要，並設定長期目標全面檢討修正動物與環境相關之現行法規。 <br> Abstract: Organized groups with large-scale release sponsored activities in all over Taiwan to flourish. Countless species that including unauthorized importation of alien ones have been released. Development of large-scale release can be attributed to the practice of enthusiastic participants, some traders specializing in hunting, breeding, importation of wild animals sold for profit. A tight integral relationship between release groups and the industry has become a firm structure we temporarily named as "mutually beneficial symbiosis structure". With the release activity and the process of selling and profit-making, all kinds of wild animals released in an infinite loop of capture, casualties, and enormous sacrifice; at the same time, they also fall into the habitats that are not belong to them. Once the mount of capture behind demand, the industry thus convert to farming or importation, shall be accompanied by the predicament of alien species. The competition for food and habitat between the original animal and the released cause food lack within the region, resulting death of a large number of the released and the indigenous, in addition, the ecosystem impact of original habitat Apart from the obvious loss of life, there are infectious diseases and environmental pollution. With the release activities driven by commercial interests, activities, which involved the question implied in the activities and business interests but release combines the structural phenomenon, known as "commercial release." In this research project, we are going to observing the mutually beneficial symbiosis structure with which commercial interests are involved, sorting out the process from the existence of various problems, and proposing a hypothesis model of the structure of commercial interests. Consequently, the model can be used to overview the whole issue of release. Simultaneously, we will review and examine the laws which are in force of the legal system, from the aspects of hunting, breeding, importation, storage, loading up into cages, transit, transformation, selling, and purchase, to health problems and public safety. The examining standard is the caliber to damage the linkage of the symbiosis, or increase the cost for smooth operation that the involved parties require for, to compress the scale of hunting and trading; in other words, it is expected that our regulations may deprive mutually beneficial symbiosis of commercial profit in an economic path.大型放生商業化放生商業利益參與結構外來種large-scale releasecommercial releasethe mutually beneficial symbiosisalien specie