黃元茂臺灣大學：機械工程學研究所張耀仁Chang, Yaw-ZenYaw-ZenChang2007-11-282018-06-282007-11-282018-06-282004http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/61312本文研究發展包洛線定子內壁之單一葉片之新型壓縮機。針對旋轉壓縮機的定子內壁包洛軌跡及滑動葉片進行最佳化之研究。包洛線的設計是包含葉片上銷之軸承在側蓋板上運行之軌跡與壓縮機定子內壁之曲線。當壓縮機運轉時，銷上之軸承沿著蓋板上包洛線之軌跡運行，控制葉片運動，使其運轉良好。研究方法為建立壓縮機之數學模型，分析幾何關係，尋求蓋板與定子內壁之包洛線，再分析熱流與動力，並利用遺傳演算法，以壓縮機之總效率作為目標函數，進行最佳化之設計。在最佳化的過程中，決定懲罰值使得目標函數快速收斂，而得到一組壓縮機尺寸之最佳值。然後製作壓縮機之原型機，藉由實驗量測進氣結束與壓縮結束時，氣室內氣體的壓力與溫度。在轉速為180 rad/s下，進氣結束時，氣體壓力的計算值與實驗值分別約為0.093 MPa與0.096MPa；壓縮結束時，氣體壓力的理論值與實驗值分別約為0.176 MPa與0.171 MPa，其計算與實驗之壓縮比分別約為1.88與1.78；進氣結束時，氣體溫度的計算值與實驗值分別約為311.3oK與305oK；壓縮結束時，氣體溫度的計算值與實驗值分別約為349.8oK與338.2oK， 當設定體積流率與文獻相同時，在轉速為140 rad/s下，計算與實驗所得之壓縮機的最大總效率分別為62.8％與58.6％，本研究與文獻所述壓縮機的機械效率的實驗值分別為71.2％與68.4％，比文獻所述壓縮機之機械效率高2.8％。The optimization of a rotary compressor with a stator inner enveloped contour and a sliding vane was studied. The envelope on the cover plate for bearings mounted on two pins of the vane and the stator inner enveloped contour were designed. The vane tips move along the stator inner enveloped contour when the vane rotated. The mathematical models for the geometric, the enveloped on the cover plate and stator inner contour, thermal and dynamic analyses were generated. The genetic algorithm was utilized with the objective function of the total efficiency, and the penalty value was determined with the fastest convergence to achieve the optimum compressor design. The compressor was fabricated and the air pressure and temperature at the end of intake process and compression process were measured. With the rotor rotational speed of 180 rad/s, the calculated and measured air pressures at the end of the intake process were 0.093 MPa and 0.096 MPa, respectively. The calculated and the measured air pressures at the end of the compression process were 0.176MPa and 0.171MPa, respectively. The calculated and measured compression ratios were 1.88 and 1.78, respectively. The calculated and measured air temperatures at the end of the intake process were 311.3oK and 305.1oK, respectively. The calculated and the measured air temperatures at the end of the compression process were 349.8oK and 338.2oK, respectively. With the specific volume flow rate same as that of an existing compressor, the measured mechanical efficiencies of the current compressor and the existing compressor were 71.2% and 68.4%, when the rotor rotational speed was 140 rad/s. The mechanical efficiency was 2.8% higher than that of the existing compressor.目 錄 中文摘要...................................................i 英文摘要..................................................ii 目錄.....................................................iii 符號表....................................................vi 第一章 緒論................................................1 1.1 研究背景...............................................1 1.2 研究動機...............................................2 1.3 國內外相關研究.........................................2 1.3-1 容積式壓縮機內部構造之改良...........................5 1.3-2 最佳化文獻回顧.......................................9 1.4 研究目的..............................................12 1.5 研究方法..............................................13 1.6 本文架構..............................................15 第二章 壓縮室之幾何分析...................................16 2.1 概念的產生............................................16 2.2 定子內壁曲線..........................................19 2.2-1 葉片前緣為尖點......................................19 2.2-2 葉片前緣為圓弧......................................21 2.3 銷上之軸承運動軌跡曲線................................27 2.4 壓力角................................................31 2.4-1 葉片端圓弧圓心運動軌跡之壓力角......................32 2.4-2 銷上軸承圓心之運動軌跡之壓力角......................33 2.5 壓縮容積之變化........................................35 第三章 壓縮機運動分析、熱力分析與動力分析.................38 3.1 滑動葉片運動分析......................................38 3.2 進氣口與排氣口之安排..................................40 3.2-1 進氣口面積之計算....................................41 3.2-2 排氣口面積之計算....................................43 3.3 理論流量..............................................44 3.4 壓縮容積內氣體之熱力性質分析..........................45 3.4-1 進氣過程............................................45 3.4-2 壓縮過程............................................49 3.4-3 排氣過程............................................50 3.5 滑動葉片之動力分析....................................53 3.6 葉片銷上應力分析......................................63 3.7 氣室內之摩擦功分析....................................64 3.8 數值計算..............................................67 3.9 壓縮機之效率分析......................................72 第四章 壓縮機最佳化.......................................74 4.1 壓縮機最佳化設計......................................74 4.2 目標函數..............................................75 4.3 壓縮機之限制條件......................................77 4.4 最佳化之流程..........................................84 4.4-1 編碼與解碼..........................................86 4.4-2 適應函數............................................89 4.4-3 複製................................................90 4.4-4 交配................................................91 4.4-5 突變................................................92 第五章 實驗...............................................93 5.1 壓縮機之基本組成與功能................................93 5.2 壓縮機之運轉過程 .....................................97 5.3 實驗目的、方法及步驟..................................99 5.3-1 實驗目的............................................99 5.3-2 實驗方法............................................99 5.3-3 實驗步驟...........................................105 第六章 結果 .............................................106 6.1 遺傳演算法程式之實例驗證.............................106 6.2 壓縮機最佳化設計之結果...............................111 6.3 原型機尺寸及其相關之特性.............................126 6.4 實驗結果.............................................135 6.4-1 氣室內氣體溫度的實驗結果...........................135 6.4-2 氣室內氣體壓力的實驗結果...........................138 6.4-3 實驗與理論結果之比較...............................140 6.5 與文獻之比較.........................................149 第七章 結果討論 .........................................150 7.1 探討遺傳演算法程式實例驗證之結果.....................150 7.2 壓縮機最佳化設計之結果討論...........................151 7.2-1 探討不同族群數目、交配率及突變率對目標函數演 化的影響...........................................151 7.2-2 探討懲罰係數中 與 對目標函數演化的影響.............153 7.2-3 探討壓縮機最佳化之結果.............................154 7.3 探討壓縮機相關之特性.................................155 7.4 探討實驗結果.........................................169 7.4-1 探討氣室內氣體溫度之實驗結果.......................169 7.4-2 探討氣室內氣體壓力之實驗結果.......................160 7.4-3 探討實驗與理論之結果比較...........................161 7.5 探討與文獻之比較.....................................164 第八章 結論與建議........................................165 參考文獻.................................................168 附錄A ....................................................A1 附錄B ....................................................B17528648 bytesapplication/pdfen-US壓縮機包洛線遺傳演算法懲罰函數compressorenvelopepenalty functiongenetic algorithmsthesishttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/61312/1/ntu-93-R90522601-1.pdf