2013-03-152024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/682681摘要：「滯洪池」及「蓄洪池」皆設計為洪汛時期藉由蓄水方式削減洪峰流量，惟「蓄洪池」可容許於洪峰過後長時間儲蓄水體。滯洪池及蓄洪池之功能略有不同，在設計、施工及維護管理上亦略有差異，但國內目前的滯洪池案例幾乎都未考慮到生態需求。 滯洪池主要功能為防洪，次要功能為生態、景觀、水資源、遊憩等，其發揮防洪功能的時間主要在洪汛時期，其餘大部分時間處於閒置狀態，若能在生態及景觀等功能上加以強化，較易獲得民眾的認同，但其前提為不能弱化滯洪池原有的防洪功能。上述之防洪、水資源、生態、景觀等均屬生態系統服務功能的一部分。對於一般憂慮因複合式需求（如防洪、生態、景觀等），可能降低原有防洪功能，可以數值模式模擬的方式進一步加以驗算以釐清此疑慮，但現有滯洪池的生態資料相當缺乏，因此很難具體評估其生態功能。 本計畫選擇7處已完工之滯洪池進行生態功能的評價及改善建議，均為已完工、濕式、非感潮、具部分濕地生態功能的滯洪池，且分屬山區、都會區、平原區、地層下陷等區等4種不同類型。本計畫將進行基礎背景資料蒐集及生態調查，包括植物、底棲動物、魚類、蝦蟹類、鳥類、水質、水文、棲地類型等。 生態功能以三種空間尺度進行評價，包括：大尺度、中尺度及小尺度。大尺度是以「景觀生態」進行評價；中尺度是以「鳥類覓食棲息運用範圍（距離）」進行評價，並以周邊的保護(留)區、重要濕地、國家公園等自然地景的相對空間位置為分析基礎；小尺度是以「棲地生態」進行評價，以濕地狀況指數IWC（Index of Wetland Condition）進行綜合評估，再針對評估後的生物弱項及環境弱項研擬相對應的改善策略。<br> Abstract: “Detention ponds” and “retention ponds” are designed to reduce peak discharge by impoundment during flooding period. Rather than detention ponds, the retention ponds provide long-time impoundment after flood events. Although the function of detention ponds and the retention ponds are slightly different, both of them are not taken into account the ecological needs. The major function of detention pond is to prevent flood, the secondary functions are environment, landscape, water resources, recreations, etc. It mainly provides flood prevention during flood periods and idles most of the remaining time. If the function of environment and landscape could be promoted, it would be easier to get recognition by public, but the premise is that the original flood prevention function will not be weakened. The above functions—flood prevention, water resources, environment, landscape, etc., are part of ecosystem services functions. The doubt that the public worried due to the composite demand (such as flood prevention, environment, landscape, etc.), the original flood prevention function would be weakened, can be clarified by numerical model simulation. We choose seven detention ponds for the ecological function evaluation and then provide improvement recommendations, both are completed, wet, non-tidal, and with part of ecological functions of wetlands, also belong to four different type areas—mountain area, metropolitan area, plain area and land subsidence area. We will conduct basic background data collection and ecological investigation, including plants, benthic animals, fish, shrimps and crabs, birds, water quality, hydrology, habitat type and so on. The ecological functions are assessed by three types of space scales: large-scale, meso-scale and small-scale. The large-scale evaluation scale is based on landscape ecology; the meso-scale evaluation is assessed by “the using range (distance) of birds foraging habitat,” and analyzed on the relative spatial of natural landscapes, such as the reserves of surrounding (left) area, important wetlands, and national parks. While the small-scale evaluation is based on concept of “habitat ecology”and will be evaluated by the index of wetland condition (IWC).The ecological weakness will be found out and the relevant improvement strategies will be represented.滯洪池蓄洪池濕地生態評估尺度濕地狀況指數detention pondretention pondwetlandecological assessmentscaleindex of wetland condition (IWC)