2012-08-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/710765摘要：文心蘭(Oncidium spp.)為臺灣第二大之蘭花產業，以生產切花為主，年產量約400萬打，外銷產值達新臺幣2.2億。臺灣文心蘭產業面臨當代假球莖開花率低、整齊度不足及切花品質不良等問題。透過肥培管理維持合適的植體養分狀態為提升植株生育速率及切花品質之關鍵。而植體內之碳氮比(C/N)是用來判斷植物生長與營養狀態的指標之一，維持碳素與氮素兩者在一平衡的狀態對於植物生長發育有重要之影響。因此本研究將分析文心蘭於不同栽培條件及生育階段植體各部位之碳素及氮素與切花品質之關係，進而瞭解生產高品質切花，植株所需具備的最佳碳氮比例。 另一方面，文心蘭具肥厚之假球莖，可儲藏大量養分，故植體對肥料反應相較一般作物緩慢。傳統植物營養分析方法無法區分文心蘭開花所需之氮素來源。而本研究將利用同位素15N標定技術，以瞭解其開花所需之氮素是來自於肥料氮或貯存氮，更將進一步探討當代施用之氮肥與下一代花梗發育之關係。而文心蘭對氮素之吸收效率、對氮素型態之偏好、溫度對其氮肥吸收之影響，開花時所需之氮素濃度以及當代與前代假球莖氮素供應比率等亦將於本研究中探討。 <br> Abstract: Oncidium is the second largest orchid crop in Taiwan. About 400 million dozens of cut flowers are produced yearly, which generated 2.2 hundred million NTD export value in 2010. Low percentage and inconsistency of flowering from current pseudobulb and undesirable quality of cut flowers are the current problems faced by growers. Maintaining appropriate nutrient status in plants by fertilizer management is the key point to elevate plant growth rate and cut-flower quality. Carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio is an indicator of plant nutrient status and maintaining a proper C/N ratio is very important for plant growth and development. Therefore, we will investigate the carbon and nitrogen levels of different organs in Oncidium in relation to its flowering quality under various cultivation environments and growth stages, in order to determine the optimal C/N ratio for the production of high-quality cut flowers. Oncidium responds very slowly to fertilization. This is attributed to the thick pseudobulbs, which may have a function of nutrient storage. Traditional nutrition research methods are thus impractical for studying the uptake and partitioning of nitrogen in Oncidium, because the sources of nitrogen (from fertilizer- or storage-nitrogen) for flowering can not be distinguished by those methods. We will use isotopic nitrogen (15N) as a tracer to overcome these technical difficulties and determine the nitrogen source for flowering in Oncidium. Moreover, we will focus on the fate of fertilizer nitrogen applied at the current growing period during flower development of the next-generation shoots. Furthermore, we will carry out a detailed investigation on the nitrogen uptake efficiency in Oncidium, its root absorption preference of various nitrogen forms, the effect of temperature on the uptake of nitrogen, the nitrogen requirement during flowering, and the roles of current and back pseudobulbs on nitrogen partitioning during the flowering period.氮素穩定同位素碳素無機營養開花調節蘭花Nitrogenstable isotopecarbonmineral nutritionflowering regulationorchid