McConnell F.K.Payne S.STEPHEN JOHN PAYNE2022-05-242022-05-242017https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029229022&doi=10.1109%2fTBME.2016.2623710&partnerID=40&md5=278f0085dc79a9e857a1176f6a3f0e2fhttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/611754Objective: Ischaemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability. Autoregulation and collateral blood flow through the circle of Willis both play a role in preventing tissue infarction. To investigate the interaction of these mechanisms a one-dimensional steady-state model of the cerebral arterial network was created. Methods: Structural variants of the circle of Willis that present particular risk of stroke were recreated by using a network model coupled with: 1) a steady-state physiological model of cerebral autoregulation; and 2) one wherein the cerebral vascular bed was modeled as a passive resistance. Simulations were performed in various conditions of internal carotid and vertebral artery occlusion. Results: Collateral flow alone is unable to ensure adequate blood flow (>90% normal flow) to the cerebral arteries in several common variants during internal carotid artery occlusion. However, compared to a passive model, cerebral autoregulation is better able to exploit available collateral flow and maintain flows within 10% of baseline. This is true for nearly all configurations. Conclusion: Hence, autoregulation is a crucial facilitator of collateral flow through the circle of Willis. Significance: Impairment of this response during ischemia will severely impact cerebral blood flows and tissue survival, and hence, autoregulation should be monitored in this situation. ? 2016 IEEE.BloodHemodynamicsPhysiological modelsTissueArterial stenosisAutoregulationsCerebral hemodynamicsCollateral flowIschemiaBlood vesselsanterior communicating arteryartery blood flowArticleautoregulationblood flow velocitybrachial arterybrain arterybrain blood flowbrain circulationbrain circulus arteriosusbrain vascular resistancecerebral autoregulationcollateral circulationexternal carotid arteryfeedback systemhemodynamicsinternal carotid artery occlusionmathematical modelposterior communicating arterysimulationthoracic aortatissue survivalvertebral artery stenosisbiological modelcomputer simulationhomeostasishumaninternal carotid arterypathophysiologyperipheral occlusive artery diseasevertebral arteryArterial Occlusive DiseasesBlood Flow VelocityCarotid Artery, InternalCerebrovascular CirculationCircle of WillisCollateral CirculationComputer SimulationHomeostasisHumansModels, CardiovascularVertebral Artery[SDGs]SDG3journal article10.1109/TBME.2016.26237102-s2.0-85029229022