蘇明道2006-07-252018-06-292006-07-252018-06-292000http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/10704歷年來颱風水災對台灣地區造成相當嚴重之損害，主要原因是由於對區域基本水文、地文及淹水相關資訊無法充分掌握並加以整合運用，以適時做出正確之決策減緩災害之產生。為對以後類似之水災可以即時做出適當之應變決策，需要利用相關之水利科技，配合水文地文、社經、交通等相關資訊加以分析，從基本資訊系統建立、災害預報、災害境況模擬等加以研討，據以擬定災害防救對策，提昇防災、減災、救災之目的。由於資訊科技之發展及普遍使用，政府及民問均累積許多與其業務相關之資料，並由其中擷取資訊作為決策之參考，但這些資訊有部份因與空間分佈有關，無法用一般文數字資料庫處理，傳統使用之地圖之收藏、更新、查詢及使用均不便，圖面與其他相關資料庫之結合亦有困難。地理資訊系統（GIS ）即為處理此種空問分佈資料十分有效之工具，其能結合資料庫管理系統及空間位相之處理能力，有效處理具有空問分佈特性之資料，擷取有用之資訊供區域規劃或資源管理等決策時之參考。 本整合型計畫由三個子計畫分別負責台灣地區各流域內之數值高程與水系、行政交通與人口社經、土地利用等資料之收集整理及補遺，再由總計畫彙總，並建立淹水模式基本數值地理資訊系統供防災決策使用。這些資料均是以空問分佈之型態呈現，很適合以地理資訊系統加以建立、整合以提供防洪決策支援之用。計畫第一年分別完成全省主要聯絡路網之數化、社會人口及居住相關圖層以及工商業經濟資料，並將資料分村里統計並與地理資料庫內之圖層相結合，區域路網之網路位相關係已建立完成，可以做災害發生道路中斷時替代道路之選定，工商資料及區域內之住宅特性亦已整理完成，可用以建立區域內建物分佈之推估模式。在數值高程與水系及地文相關資料方面，建立完成嘉南地區主要河川（曾文溪、急水溪、鹽水溪、二仁溪）流域數值地形與水系地理資訊系統。本研究以數值高程模式所擷取出來的河川網路與地文因子分析結果，均利用ArcView 軟體以視覺化之圖像與表格呈現，以方便使用者查詢，研究結果發現上述研究集水區之不同級序渠流平均坡度S 。。與漫地流平均坡度&，皆呈現相當高之相關性；而不同級序河川之數目、渠流坡度、渠流平均長度、集水區平均面積之對數值均與河川級序數呈線性關係，故可知Horton 級序定理可適用於上述研究集水區。在區域土地利用相關資料方面，本年度完成之試區為台灣南部地區，故需選定集水區以為範例。並以高屏溪上游為範例區域，完成應用於水文淹水模式之探討。Every year flood during typhoon attack often causes serious damage to Taiwan. To mitigate flood disaster, sophisticated technology such as flood forecast, inundation simulation, hydraulic routing has to be implemented on river basin basis. Also a complete array of geographic, such as digital elevation model, land use, drainage and traffic network, and social-economic data have to be compiled into a complete and working data system to support the inundation model for better decision in flood disaster mitigation. There are a lot of information gathered by government officials and private firms for better decision making. Some of the information have spatial distributed characteristics and can not be handled by alphanumeric database system efficiently. Maps are traditional way for handling these spatially distributed information. Paper maps are not easy to use and are difficult to update. Maps with different scales can not be overlaid for spatial analysis. Geographic Information System (GIS) is an efficient tool for management and analysis of these spatial data. It combines the attribute database and graphic data to form geographic database. With its spatial analytical ability, useful information for decision support can be extracted. Vital data for flood disaster mitigation are somehow gathered but are scattered around different organizations and firms. Format and precision are different, and data may be incomplete in the upstream area. This jointed project is to gathers all the related information and integrate them into a working system for better flood control and damage mitigation. The project is separated into three major portions: the first one for transportation network, social and economical data collection, the second one for digital terrain and watershed characteristics, the last one for land use analysis. All the geographic data are integrated into a geographic information system. For the first face of the project, the major road network has been built for the whole island. Social and economical data including population, building types, industrial and commercial activities are collected and associated with the map layer at village level. The digital terrain analysis results show that the correlation of the average slope for different order channels and overland areas is explicit. Linear relationships are shown in the stream order to the logarithmic values for different orders of stream number, channel slope, channel length, and contributing area. Consequently, the Horton¡¦s stream order law can be adequately applied in the study area.application/pdf12770523 bytesapplication/pdfzh-TW地理資訊防災地理資訊系統決策支援數值地形水系集水區地文參數遙感探測集水區土地利用Geographic InformationDisaster mitigationGISDecision supportdigital topographystream networkwatershed geomorphic parametersland useremote sensing[SDGs]SDG15reporthttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/10704/1/892625Z002008.pdf