Yang Y.-PChen W.-C.YEE-PIEN YANG2021-08-052021-08-052017https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85050127408&partnerID=40&md5=bc91c93a96d5ff98d4c6c007953c6e5ehttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/576226This paper proposes a coupled parallel energy-saving and safety strategy for an electric vehicle driven by multiple traction motors. Their torque distribution is determined by particle swarm optimization theory for minimizing energy consumption according to the torque-speed-efficiency maps of all the traction motors. Simultaneously, the torque distribution minimizes a stabilizing direct yaw moment according to the stability region on the yaw-rate and sideslip-angle phase plane. Experimental results on a hardware-in-the-loop platform show that the proposed strategy saves more energy than a serial energy-saving and driving-safety strategy that puts heavier emphasis on safe driving than energy saving. ? 2017 MOBI -Mobility, Logistics and Automotive Technology Research Centre.Electric traction; Electric vehicles; Energy conservation; Energy utilization; Hardware; Hardware-in-the-loop simulation; Optimization; Particle swarm optimization (PSO); Site selection; Synthetic apertures; Driving safety; Efficiency maps; Hard-ware-in-the-loop; Minimizing energy; Safety strategy; Sideslip angles; Stability regions; Torque distribution; Traction motors[SDGs]SDG7Electric traction; Electric vehicles; Energy conservation; Energy utilization; Hardware; Hardware-in-the-loop simulation; Optimization; Particle swarm optimization (PSO); Site selection; Synthetic apertures; Driving safety; Efficiency maps; Hard-ware-in-the-loop; Minimizing energy; Safety strategy; Sideslip angles; Stability regions; Torque distribution; Traction motorsconference paper2-s2.0-85050127408