2008-08-012024-05-17https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/671277摘要：國蘭為臺灣經濟栽種重要蘭花，外銷出口產值達2.2億元，在國際貿易上具競爭力。然而國蘭植株生長緩慢，利用組織培養技術雖可提高增殖效率，但培養過程仍有培植體生長緩慢、芽體分化不一致、後續芽體生長緩慢等問題。先前國蘭組織培養之研究均針對培養基成分作探討，無法完全解決上述問題。另外瓶內微氣候之相關研究闕如，但瓶內氣體對培植體生長、型態發育與苗株品質均可能有關鍵性的影響。 二氧化碳濃度波動為培植體光合作用及呼吸作用之結果，密閉培養系統中可藉由瓶內二氧化碳濃度之變化瞭解植株碳源利用情形。由截至目前之結果可知報歲蘭‘瑞寶’ × ‘光華蝶’根莖培養於根莖繁殖或抽芽培養基中，培養第4週至第12週所誘導之根莖與芽體利用培養基內碳源為能量來源快速增殖，因此瓶內二氧化碳濃度持續累積。而於葉片快速展葉階段，光自營能力轉強，瓶內二氧化碳濃度呈下降趨勢。而乙烯濃度於培養前期快速上升，應與培植體的快速增殖有關。瓶內乙烯不但可能影響培植體生長及分化，對培植體增殖、根部生長及瓶苗品質上也扮演重要的角色。另外，報歲蘭芽體之呼吸作用及乙烯產生量明顯高於根莖。 本計畫將繼續探討國蘭根莖繁殖及芽體生長兩種不同發育過程，不同光度、氮素與蔗糖濃度、培養容器通氣性及乙烯相關藥劑對國蘭根莖及芽體生長發育及光自營能力的影響，得知最佳的培養條件。期望本計畫之執行可藉由瓶內氣體變化及瓶苗生理代謝的基礎研究來提升國蘭組織培養之增殖速率及瓶苗品質，同時供學術上及產業上之利用。 <br> Abstract: Chinese cymbidium is an economically important floricultural crop in Taiwan, with a good global competitiveness. It ranked the second crop among orchids by its exporting value, which is 220 million NT dollars. Due to a low propagation rate by vegetative division, in vitro propagation is applied. However, some technical difficulties do exist during tissue culture processes, such as low rate of proliferation, un-synchronized bud formation, and slow shoot growth, humbling the propagation efficiency. Although certain amounts of researches have been done to optimize medium and culture conditions, no information is available regarding the gaseous environment within the vessel. The gas evolution during tissue culture may play an important role on the growth and differentiation of explants, and thus should be investigated to solve the problems mentioned above. According to the results obtained so far from Cymbidium sinense ‘Rui Bao’ × ‘Guang Hua Die’, shoots had a higher respiration and more ethylene production than rhizomes. In vitro ethylene concentrations were higher in the first half of culture in both rhizome multiplication and shoot differentiation media. However, no deleterious effect of ethylene was observed in this study. Concentration of CO2 in the vessels continuously increased when rhizomes and shoots were rapidly growing, resulting in a CO2-enriched environment for later photoautotrophic growth. Initiation of photoautotrophy of plantlets, indicated by a gradually decrease in concentration of CO2, was evident after Week 12 in shoot differentiation medium, and after Week 24 in rhizome multiplication vessels. The decrease of in vitro CO2 coincided with leaf expansion stage in both media. This project is aimed to unveil the effects of light, nitrogen, sucrose, culture vessels, and ethylene inhibitors on the growth and development of rhizomes, with emphases on changes of CO2 and C2H4 in the culture vessel, and photoautotrophy of plantlets. The results could be utilized to prevent the exhaustion of CO2 and the build-up of C2H4, and then increase the quality of tissue culture plantlets. It is also possible to change rhizome differentiation by altering gaseous compositions. The likelihood for scientific success of this project is relatively high, and a successful solution is expected to the industry.國蘭組織培養光自營乙烯二氧化碳Chinese cymbidiumtissue culturephotoautotrophyethylenecarbon dioxide