Wu M.-T.Wu D.-C.Hsu H.-K.Kao E.-L.JANG-MING LEE2020-03-312020-03-3120030007-0920https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0242361192&doi=10.1038%2fsj.bjc.6601251&partnerID=40&md5=1f78f6ac97653fee81dfc21fefa6ebf2https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/481668Among 309 male patients, those who had heavily consumed betel and tobacco were more likely than nonchewers (OR = 2.91; 95% Cl = 1.36-6.25) and nonsmokers (OR = 2.49; 95% Cl = 1.02-6.08) to develop cancer in the upper and middle third of the oesophagus, respectively; the effects of alcohol did not dominate in any third. ? 2003 Cancer Research UK.[SDGs]SDG3alcohol; tobacco smoke; adult; aged; alcohol consumption; article; betel nut; cancer localization; cancer risk; cancer staging; confidence interval; esophagus cancer; histopathology; human; major clinical study; male; mastication; priority journal; risk; smoking habit; statistical analysis; Taiwan; Aged; Alcohol Drinking; Areca; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Educational Status; Esophageal Neoplasms; Humans; Incidence; Male; Neoplasm Staging; Risk Factors; Smoking; Taiwanjournal article10.1038/sj.bjc.6601251145204462-s2.0-0242361192