2023-01-012024-05-18https://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/699858本計畫目標是瞭解南海至海洋大陸地區對流跨尺度交互作用的氣候特徵，著重在探討日夜變化與組織化的相關物理機制、對大尺度環境條件的敏感性，及其與季內震盪、季節轉換之間的跨尺度交互作用。南海與海洋大陸地區(SCS-MC)的對流雲雨過程具有對流跨尺度交互作用，並影響全球的天氣與氣候。傳統全球氣候模式對於熱帶濕對流過程的日夜、季內與季節尺度變化的模擬仍有明顯偏差。延續過去的研究成果，未來三年將以具有對流解析能力的SPCAM進行氣候模擬：(1)針對次網格二維雲解析模式對流組織化過程相關之敏感度測試；(2)不同海氣耦合時間頻率，或單向給定不同海溫空間變異度的敏感度測試，了解海溫變異度對於對流組織性的影響；(3)以後報(hindcast)實驗選取季內振盪相位改變或季風爆發等個案，針對大尺度環境過渡時期，了解沿岸組織性對流與陸地對流對於局地濕化過程的影響。上述結果也將與具有海陸分布之理想化雲解析模擬結果、衛星觀測所得組織性對流氣候統計結果以及南海與海洋大陸密集實驗觀測相比較，探討不同大尺度環境下對流結構特徵轉換、雲-輻射-對流-海溫反饋過程。本研究成果將加深對於熱帶組織性對流相關的科學暸解，並結合衛星觀測與雲解析模式，建立評估改善全球氣候模式模擬雲雨對流的能力。 This study proposes to investigate the climate characteristics of convection cross-scale interactions over SCS-MC. We will focus on the diurnal variation and organization of coastal convection, including the controlling physical processes, their sensitivity to large-scale environment, and the cross-scale interactions with intraseasonal variability and seasonal transition. Convection over the South China Sea and the Maritime Continent (SCS-MC) region is characterized by strong cross-scale interaction and can have impacts on the global weather and climate. Significant bias still exist in conventional global climate models (GCMs) in their representation of tropical convection from diurnal to intraseasonal and seasonal time scales. Climate simulations will be carried out with the convection-permitting Super-Parameterized Community Atmospheric Model (SPCAM): (1) Sensitivity experiments on parameters controlling the convection organization in the subgrid 2D cloud resolving model; (2) Sensitivity experiments with different coupling frequency or prescribing the sea-surface temperature (SST) with different spatial variance to understand the impact of SST variance to convection aggregation. (3) Hindcast experiments on selected cases of intraseasonal variability or summer monsoon onset to understand the influence of the coastal organized convection and land convection on local moisture build-up during the large-scale transition period. The SPCAM simulations will compared to the idealized cloud resolving simulations with land-ocean configuration, the satellite-derived climate characteristics of convection, and also with the ground measurements taken during the intensive field campaign of SCSTIMX and YMC, to explore the responses of convection structure to ambient conditions and the cloud-convection-radiation-SST feedback. The expected outcomes will lead to more thorough scientific understandings of tropical organized convection. By combining satellite retrievals, intensive observations, and cloud-permitting simulations, the capability to evaluate and improve the representation of moist processes in current GCMs will be established.對流日夜變化;對流跨尺度交互作用;季風爆發;季內震盪;全球氣候模式;Convection Diurnal Cycle; Convection Cross-scale interaction; Monsoon Onset; Intraseasonal Variability; Global Climate Model