余玉林臺灣大學：生態學與演化生物學研究所簡榮村Chien, Jung-TsunJung-TsunChien2007-11-262018-07-062007-11-262018-07-062004http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw//handle/246246/55129腦垂體糖蛋白激素促甲狀腺激素、促濾胞激素及促黃體激素，係由alpha及beta兩個不同的次單元所構成。在同一動物種別中，alpha次單元是相同的；而beta次單元則具有種別性與激素的特異性。目前這些激素cDNA的選殖及其調控研究，主要在哺乳類、鳥類、兩棲類及魚類，而爬行類則是闕如。為了能更瞭解脊椎動物腦垂體糖蛋白激素cDNA的核苷酸與胺基酸，在序列親緣上的多樣性，與mRNA生成的調控，本論文探討中華鱉(Pelodiscus sinensis)The pituitary glycoprotein hormones (thyrotropin, TSH; follitropin, FSH; lutropin, LH) are composed of two dissimilar subunit molecules, alpha and beta subunits are identical in a species; while beta subunits are specific and determine the hormone activity and species specificity. The comparative studies of cloning of cDNAs encoding these hormones and their gene regulations have been extensively conducted in mammals, birds, amphibian and fish. However, virtually no information has been available in reptiles. Reptiles occupy a key position in evolutionary history of vertebrates as the birds and mammals evolved from them. For better understanding the phylogenetic diversity and evolution of the cDNA nucleotide and peptide sequences of pituitary glycoprotein hormones in vertebrates, a study was conducted to clone the cDNAs of alpha subunit and the beta subunits of TSH, LH, and FSH of the Chinese soft-shell turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis, and to investigate the regulation of gene expression. The cDNAs were cloned by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) methods. The cloned alpha cDNA consists of 670-bp nucleotides, including 71-bp 5’-untranslated region (UTR), 363-bp open reading frame, and 3’-UTR of 219-bp nucleotides, following by a 17-bp poly A trait. It encodes a 120 amino acid precursor molecule of alpha subunit with a putative signal peptide of 24 amino acids and a mature protein of 96 amino acids. The cloned TSH beta cDNA consists of 580-bp nucleotides, including 67-bp of 5’UTR, 402-bp of the open reading frame, and 97-bp of 3’UTR followed by a 14 bp poly A trait. It encodes a putative precursor protein of 133 amino acids with signal peptide of 19 amino acids and a mature protein of 114 amino acids. The cloned FSH頁次 總摘要 1 英文摘要 4 I.引言 7 II.文獻檢閱與回顧 10 II-1 腦垂體糖蛋白激素之種類及分子結構 10 II-2 腦垂體糖蛋白激素814965 bytesapplication/pdfen-US甲釋素性釋素基因調控基因選殖次單元甲狀腺素演化歧異度腦垂體糖蛋白激素促甲狀腺激素促濾胞激素促黃體激素GnRHgene expression and regulationsubunitdiversityevolutionlutropinTRHthyroid hormonephylogenetic treethyrotropinfollitropinpituitary glycoprotein hormonesinensisChinese soft-shell turtlePleodiscusotherhttp://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/55129/1/ntu-93-D84225011-1.pdf