Chiou J.-SHuang T.-JChen C.-LChen C.-H.JIUNN-SHYANG CHIOU2021-08-052021-08-052021137952https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85098170643&doi=10.1016%2fj.enggeo.2020.105956&partnerID=40&md5=9dda0a17c09b956d4a276ad6fa5b221ehttps://scholars.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/123456789/576025Lateral spreading is the main cause of pile foundation damage in liquefaction-prone areas during earthquakes. A soil profile in which a non-liquefied soil is on top of a liquefied soil is a critical design scenario. To investigate the influence of lateral spreading on pile responses in this type of soil profile, a shaking table test was performed on two single piles in the ground with a 2° slope. Considering different pile stiffnesses, an aluminum pile (Al pile) and a polypropylene pile (PP pile) were tested. The piles were embedded in multilayered soil comprising a clay layer sandwiched between dry sand above and saturated sand below it. The two piles had considerably different displacement and moment responses to an input motion based on a 1999 Taiwan Chi-Chi earthquake record. The experimental lateral spreading soil displacement profile approximated the cosine profile proposed by Tokimatsu and Asaka. Compared with the upper non-liquefied soil, the magnitude of the lateral spreading pressure of the liquefied soil was small. The experimental lateral spreading pressure from the non-liquefied soil layer was approximately 2.1 and 4.5 times Rankine's passive earth pressure for the PP and Al piles, respectively. The difference between the derived p-y curves of the Al and PP piles for the non-liquefied soil layer may have been due to the contribution of downhill soil reactions. To reflect the influence of pile stiffness, both the downhill and uphill p-y curves of the non-liquefied crust layer should be considered in lateral spreading analysis. ? 2020 Elsevier B.V.Aluminum; Earthquakes; Pile foundations; Polypropylenes; Soil liquefaction; Soils; Stiffness; ChiChi earthquake; Lateral spreading; Liquefied soils; Multilayered soil; Passive earth pressure; Shaking table testing; Shaking table tests; Soil displacement; Piles; earthquake catalogue; induced response; liquefaction; pile; seismic design; shaking table test; soil profile; stiffnessjournal article10.1016/j.enggeo.2020.1059562-s2.0-85098170643